ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Exam Simmons U BSN Questions
Extract:
An infant who has myelomeningocele
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is orienting a newly licensed nurse in the care of an infant who has myelomeningocele. Which of the following actions by the new nurse indicates the teaching has been effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Takes an axillary temperature. This is the correct action because infants with myelomeningocele are at risk for infection due to the exposed spinal cord. Taking the axillary temperature reduces the risk of introducing infection into the spinal defect. Placing the infant in a side-lying position (choice
A) is important for preventing pressure on the sac but not the best indicator of effective teaching. Maintaining a dry dressing over the sac (choice
B) is crucial but does not specifically indicate understanding of care. Performing range of motion on the infant's hips (choice
C) is important but not directly related to myelomeningocele care.
Extract:
A child who is experiencing a seizure
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is experiencing a seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Position the child laterally. This is the correct action because it helps maintain an open airway and prevents aspiration. Placing the child on their side also helps in draining saliva or vomit from the mouth, reducing the risk of choking.
Choice B is incorrect as using a padded tongue blade can lead to further injury during a seizure.
Choice C is incorrect as attempting to stop the seizure is not within the nurse's scope of practice and can be dangerous.
Choice D is incorrect as restraining the child's arms can cause harm and does not help in managing the seizure.
Extract:
A group of females who are pregnant
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching about neural tube defects to a group of females who are pregnant. Which of the following disease processes should the nurse include as an example of a neural tube defect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Spina bifida. A neural tube defect occurs when the neural tube, which forms the brain and spinal cord, fails to close properly during embryonic development. Spina bifida specifically involves the incomplete closure of the spinal column, leading to varying degrees of spinal cord damage. This condition is a classic example of a neural tube defect.
B: Hydrocephalus is the buildup of fluid in the brain, not a neural tube defect.
C: Cerebral palsy is a group of disorders affecting movement and posture due to brain damage, not a neural tube defect.
D: Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder causing progressive muscle weakness, not a neural tube defect.
In summary, spina bifida is the correct answer as it directly relates to the incomplete closure of the neural tube during development, while the other choices are unrelated conditions affecting different aspects of the nervous system or muscular system.
Extract:
A child who has nephrotic syndrome
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Facial edema. In nephrotic syndrome, there is an excessive loss of protein through the kidneys, leading to hypoalbuminemia and fluid accumulation in tissues like the face, known as facial edema. Smokey brown urine (
A) is seen in conditions like acute tubular necrosis. Polyuria (
B) is excessive urination and is not a typical finding in nephrotic syndrome. Hypertension (
D) can occur in some cases but is not a hallmark finding.
Extract:
A 9 yr. old child with both hydrocephalus and a cardiac defect weighs 55 pounds. He requires digoxin by mouth once daily, the dose should be held if there are any symptoms of toxicity. After listening to the apical rate for one full minute, you note it is only 50.
Question 5 of 5
Should you administer the digoxin as ordered?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A - NO
Rationale: Digoxin requires careful monitoring of dosage and patient's condition due to its narrow therapeutic window. Administering without checking can lead to toxicity. Instructing mom to give it is not appropriate. "Yes" without further context is vague and risky.