ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer medications to an older adult client who has dysphagia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A. Mixing the medications with a semisolid food for the client is the appropriate action for a nurse to take when administering medications to an older adult with dysphagia. This approach helps ensure that the client can safely swallow the medication without the risk of aspiration or choking. By mixing the medications with a semisolid food, it becomes easier for the client to swallow and reduces the chances of any adverse events related to dysphagia. This method also helps in masking the taste of the medication, making it more palatable for the client. This approach promotes safe medication administration and enhances compliance with the treatment plan.
Incorrect options:
B: Administering more than one pill at a time can increase the risk of choking or aspiration in a client with dysphagia.
C: Placing medications on the back of the client's tongue can trigger the gag reflex and increase the risk of aspiration.
D: Tilting the client's head back can also increase the risk of
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is mixing regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe prior to administering it to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inject air into the NPH vial. This step is crucial to prevent creating a vacuum in the vial when withdrawing the insulin. Injecting air into the NPH vial equalizes the pressure, making it easier to withdraw the insulin without causing leakage or difficulty in drawing up the correct dose. It ensures accurate measurement and prevents contamination.
Choice B is incorrect because withdrawing the NPH insulin before injecting air can create a vacuum in the vial, making it difficult to withdraw the correct dose.
Choice C is incorrect because regular insulin should be drawn after preparing the NPH insulin.
Choice D is incorrect because air should be injected into the NPH vial first.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for total parental nutrition (TPN). Which of the following routes of administration should the nurse use?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Central venous access device. TPN is a hypertonic solution that requires a large vein for administration to prevent phlebitis and irritation. Central venous access devices provide direct access to the central circulation, reducing the risk of complications like phlebitis and extravasation. Midline catheters (
A) have a higher risk of phlebitis and may not be suitable for TPN administration. Subcutaneous (
C) and intraosseous (
D) routes are not appropriate for TPN administration due to limited absorption and potential complications.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive potassium replacement. The provider's prescription reads, 'Potassium chloride 30 mEq in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL IV over 30 min.' For which of the following reasons should the nurse clarify this prescription with the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The potassium infusion rate is too rapid. The nurse should clarify this prescription with the provider because administering 30 mEq of potassium chloride in 100 mL over 30 minutes is too rapid and may lead to adverse effects like hyperkalemia or cardiac arrhythmias. Potassium replacement should be infused slowly over several hours to prevent complications.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the prescription specifies the use of potassium chloride in sodium chloride solution, not another formulation or dilution in dextrose. IV bolus administration of potassium is also contraindicated due to the risk of rapid electrolyte shifts.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure. The nurse administered furosemide 60 mg IV bolus 30 min earlier. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Difficulty hearing can indicate ototoxicity, a potential adverse effect of furosemide. The nurse should notify the provider immediately to prevent further harm. A: BUN 15 mg/dL is within normal range and not concerning. C: Potassium 3.8 mEq/L is also within normal limits. D: Dizziness upon standing may be expected due to furosemide's diuretic effect.