ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive potassium replacement. The provider's prescription reads, 'Potassium chloride 30 mEq in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL IV over 30 min.' Which of the following reasons should the nurse clarify this prescription with the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
1. Potassium chloride infusion rate should not exceed 10 mEq/hr to prevent hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias.
2. In this case, 30 mEq in 100 mL over 30 min exceeds the safe rate.
3. Clarification is needed to adjust the infusion rate to avoid potential harm.
4. Other choices are incorrect as dextrose dilution, different formulations, and IV bolus are not the primary concerns.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who requires treatment for high cholesterol. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Colesevelam (Welchol). This medication is a bile acid sequestrant commonly used to treat high cholesterol by binding to bile acids in the intestine, preventing their reabsorption, thus lowering LDL cholesterol levels. Colchicine (
A) is used to treat gout, Cimetidine (
B) for ulcers, and Chlorpromazine (
D) for psychotic disorders. These medications are not indicated for high cholesterol.
Question 3 of 5
A client who has active tuberculosis and is taking rifampin reports that his urine and sweat have developed a red tinge. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (
C): Document this as an expected finding. Rifampin is known to cause harmless discoloration of bodily fluids like urine and sweat. This is a common side effect and does not indicate any serious issues. The nurse should document this finding to track the client's response to the medication and educate the client about it.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
A: Checking liver function test results is not necessary for the red discoloration caused by rifampin.
B: Increasing fluid intake will not resolve the red tinge as it is a known side effect of rifampin.
D: Dialysis is not indicated for the harmless discoloration caused by rifampin.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about the administration of omeprazole. Which of the following should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale:
Choice C is correct because omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that works best when taken before meals to inhibit gastric acid secretion. This timing ensures optimal effectiveness of the medication.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect.
Choice A is inaccurate because omeprazole can be taken with antacids, but it is recommended to be taken separately.
Choice B is incorrect as there is no specific need to reduce calcium intake while taking omeprazole.
Choice D is incorrect as taking a second dose without medical advice may lead to overdosing and adverse effects.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is discussing adverse reactions to pain medications in older adult clients with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as risk factors for an adverse drug reaction? (SATA)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale:
To determine risk factors for adverse drug reactions in older adults, consider the following:
A: Polypharmacy increases the likelihood of drug interactions and adverse effects.
C: Decreased body fat can affect drug distribution, leading to higher drug concentrations.
D: Multiple health problems may require multiple medications, increasing the risk of adverse reactions.
E: Age-related changes in liver and kidney function can affect drug metabolism and excretion.
Other choices are incorrect because increased rate of absorption does not necessarily increase risk and choices F and G were not provided.