ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has obstructive sleep apnea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Headache is correct. Clients with obstructive sleep apnea often experience morning headaches due to intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia caused by repeated episodes of airway obstruction during sleep. Hypotension is incorrect. Obstructive sleep apnea is more commonly associated with hypertension rather than hypotension due to the body's stress response to low oxygen levels. Constipation is not a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnea. Gastrointestinal symptoms are not typically associated with this condition. Nausea is not a characteristic finding in obstructive sleep apnea. The primary symptoms involve respiratory and neurological effects due to oxygen deprivation during sleep.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a provider's clinic is assessing a client who takes sublingual nitroglycerin for stable angina. The client reports getting a headache each time he takes the medication. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Try taking a mild analgesic to relieve the headache.' is correct. Nitroglycerin-induced headaches are a common side effect due to vasodilation. Mild analgesics such as acetaminophen can help alleviate the discomfort. Taking only one dose to reduce the risk of a headache is inappropriate. The client should follow the prescribed dosing regimen to manage angina effectively. Skipping doses may increase the risk of angina attacks. Requesting a different medication is not necessary. Nitroglycerin is an effective treatment for stable angina, and headaches typically diminish over time as the body adjusts to the medication. Stating that nothing can be done to relieve the headaches is incorrect. Headaches from nitroglycerin can be managed with mild analgesics or by adjusting the timing of medication administration.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a diabetic client who had a Coronary Angiography two hours ago. Which of the following orders should the nurse question?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering metformin should be questioned. Metformin is contraindicated within 48 hours of receiving contrast dye because of the risk of lactic acidosis, especially in clients with impaired renal function. Having the client lay flat for 4 hours is appropriate to prevent bleeding from the arterial puncture site. Monitoring the site for bleeding and hematoma formation is necessary to detect complications. Administering aspirin is appropriate to prevent clot formation post-procedure.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hepatomegaly is correct. Right-sided heart failure leads to systemic venous congestion, which can cause liver enlargement (hepatomegaly), ascites, and peripheral edema. Dizziness is more commonly associated with left-sided heart failure due to decreased cardiac output. Crackles in the lungs and dry hacking cough are symptoms of left-sided heart failure due to pulmonary congestion.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse recognizes which of the following as a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Obesity is correct. Excess weight, particularly around the neck, increases the risk of airway obstruction during sleep, making obesity a major risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea. Deep vein thrombosis is not a known risk factor. Being female is incorrect as obstructive sleep apnea is more common in males. Atherosclerosis is not a direct risk factor, though untreated sleep apnea can contribute to cardiovascular issues.