ATI RN
ATI EW N300 Med Surg Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) states that they have developed purple, brown spots on their body. Which opportunistic infection does the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kaposi's Sarcoma is a vascular malignancy associated with AIDS caused by human herpesvirus 8. It presents as purple or brown skin lesions due to abnormal angiogenesis and endothelial proliferation in immunocompromised patients.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse knows that a common presentation that happens early in HIV infections is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flu-like symptoms such as chills and aches occur during acute retroviral syndrome due to initial viral replication and immune response shortly after HIV infection.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a spinal cord injury who has a flaccid or atonic bladder. The nurse would provide discharge education to the patient and family regarding which bladder management technique?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Intermittent catheterization is the preferred method for managing flaccid bladder, ensuring complete bladder emptying while minimizing infection risks compared to indwelling catheters.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with a traumatic head injury secondary to a work accident. In the morning assessment, the patient opened his eyes in response to noxious stimuli. Two hours later, what assessment finding would warrant immediate action by the nurse? The patient:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Extending extremities in response to painful stimuli, known as decerebrate posturing, is a severe neurologic deficit indicating brainstem dysfunction and requires immediate nursing intervention.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is calculating the intake of a client during the past 9 hours. The client's intake includes: Lactated Ringer's IV at 150 mL/hr, cefazolin 2 g IV intermittent bolus in 100 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride, two units of packed RBCs of 275 mL and 250 mL, two IV bolus infusions of 250 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride, ranitidine 50 mg IV intermittent bolus in 50 mL of dextrose 5% in water. How many mL of intake should the nurse record?
Correct Answer: 2525 mL
Rationale:
Total intake is calculated as follows: Lactated Ringer's (150 mL/hr × 9 hrs = 1350 mL), cefazolin (100 mL), packed RBCs (275 mL + 250 mL = 525 mL), IV boluses (250 mL × 2 = 500 mL), ranitidine (50 mL). Summing these: 1350 + 100 + 525 + 500 + 50 = 2525 mL.