ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Final Exam I Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin 1.5 mg PO to a client. The amount available is digoxin 0.5 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To determine the number of tablets, divide the prescribed dose by the dose per tablet: 1.5 mg ÷ 0.5 mg/tablet = 3 tablets. The answer is a whole number, so no rounding is needed.
Question 2 of 5
A client is admitted to the emergency department with a magnesium level of 1.2 mg/dL. The nurse is aware that a likely cause of the value is which of the following:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alcoholism is a common cause of hypomagnesemia due to poor dietary intake, increased renal excretion, and gastrointestinal losses. Dehydration typically elevates magnesium levels, kidney failure causes hypermagnesemia, and excessive magnesium intake leads to hypermagnesemia.
Question 3 of 5
A client diagnosed with ulcerative colitis is scheduled for a terminal ileostomy. The nurse is aware the stoma will be in what area of the client's abdomen?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A terminal ileostomy involves creating a stoma in the right lower quadrant, where the ileum is anatomically located, for waste elimination.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) rectally to a patient with an irregular pulse and weakness of the lower extremities. What laboratory finding does the nurse determine is the reason for this treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium for potassium in the intestines, reducing blood potassium levels. Symptoms like irregular pulse and weakness support this diagnosis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a hiatal hernia about dietary recommendations. Which of the following client statements indicate an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed prevents reflux, reducing caffeine and spicy foods minimizes irritation, and avoiding weight gain reduces abdominal pressure. Lying down after meals increases reflux risk, and reducing fluid intake is not recommended.