ATI RN
ATI Nurs 307 Pediatrics Quiz Questions
Extract:
A newborn with a large patent ductus arteriosus.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a newborn for manifestations of a large patent ductus arteriosus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Systolic murmur. In a large patent ductus arteriosus (PD
A), there is continuous communication between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, causing a systolic murmur to be heard upon auscultation. This occurs due to the increased blood flow through the ductus. Chronic hypoxemia (choice
A) is seen in other cardiac defects, not specifically in PDA. Cyanosis with crying (choice
B) is more indicative of a cyanotic heart defect. Weak pulses (choice
C) are not typically associated with PDA.
Therefore, the key finding to expect in a newborn with a large PDA is a systolic murmur.
Extract:
Administering vaccines at a county health immunization clinic.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to administer the meningococcal conjugate (MCV4) vaccine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, an 11-year-old school-age child. The MCV4 vaccine is recommended for children aged 11-12 years. At this age, they are at increased risk of meningococcal disease due to social interactions. Administering the vaccine helps protect them during this vulnerable period.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they are not within the recommended age group for MCV4 vaccination. Option A, a 2-year-old toddler, should receive the MenACWY vaccine, not MCV4. Option B, a 4-month-old infant, is too young for MCV4 and should receive MenB vaccine instead. Option C, a 4-year-old child, is also too young for MCV4 vaccination.
Extract:
A 1-year-old child who has Tetralogy of Fallot.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Right ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, and overriding aorta are all characteristic findings of Tetralogy of Fallot. Right ventricular hypertrophy occurs due to increased workload from pulmonary stenosis. Pulmonary stenosis leads to decreased blood flow to the lungs. Ventricular septal defect allows mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Overriding aorta occurs when the aorta is positioned over both ventricles.
Choice A is incorrect because it describes a combination of findings typically seen in Tricuspid Atresia.
Choice C is incorrect because it describes a combination of findings typically seen in Transposition of the Great Arteries.
Choice D is incorrect because it describes a combination of findings typically seen in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.
Extract:
A client who has hypovolemic shock.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following should the nurse recognize as an expected finding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should recognize oliguria as an expected finding. Oliguria is a common response to dehydration or reduced blood flow to the kidneys. It indicates decreased urine output, which is a sign of fluid volume deficit. Bradypnea (slow breathing rate), hypertension (high blood pressure), and flushing of the skin are not expected findings in this context and may indicate other health issues. Oliguria is a key indicator of fluid imbalance and needs prompt attention to prevent further complications.
Extract:
A toddler who has heart failure.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following should the nurse recognize as an expected finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should recognize diaphoresis as an expected finding. Diaphoresis, or excessive sweating, can occur as a response to stress or anxiety. It is a normal physiological reaction to help regulate body temperature. Increased urine output (
A) can be expected in certain conditions but is not specific in this context. Hypertension (
B) and bradycardia (
D) are not typically expected findings. Hypertension is high blood pressure, while bradycardia is a slow heart rate, both indicating potential health issues.