ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology N211 Delia Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer phenytoin IV to a client who has a seizure disorder. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer a saline solution after injection. This is because phenytoin is incompatible with saline and should not be mixed with it. Administering a saline solution after the injection helps flush out any remaining medication in the IV line, thereby preventing potential drug interactions or adverse effects.
Choice A is incorrect because holding the injection during seizure activity could lead to inadequate seizure control.
Choice B is incorrect as administering phenytoin at a rate faster than 50 mg/min can cause adverse effects such as hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias.
Choice C is incorrect because phenytoin should be diluted with normal saline, not dextrose 5% in water.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has bipolar disorder and a new prescription for valproate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client about the use of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Liver function tests must be monitored. Valproate can cause liver damage, so monitoring liver function tests is essential to detect any signs of hepatotoxicity. This is a crucial safety measure to ensure the client's well-being.
Choice A is incorrect because valproate does not require EEG monitoring.
Choice B is incorrect as high serum sodium levels are not directly related to valproate toxicity.
Choice C is incorrect as valproate does not affect thyroid function.
Therefore, the focus should be on monitoring liver function tests to prevent potential liver damage.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in water (DW) 150 mL IV to infuse over 3 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the IV infusion rate in gtt/min, we first need to determine the total volume to be infused over 3 hours. 150 mL over 3 hours equals 50 mL/hr. Next, convert 50 mL/hr to gtt/hr using the drop factor of 10 gtt/mL, giving us 500 gtt/hr.
To find gtt/min, divide 500 by 60 (minutes in an hour), which equals approximately 8.
Therefore, the nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver 8 gtt/min. This ensures the correct administration rate of dextrose 5% in water. Other choices are incorrect as they do not result from the correct calculation based on the given information.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for fluoxetine to treat depression. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D - "I'll take this medicine first thing in the morning."
Rationale: Fluoxetine is usually recommended to be taken in the morning to prevent sleep disturbances. This timing also helps optimize its effects throughout the day. Taking it at night could potentially disrupt sleep patterns.
Therefore, the client demonstrating an understanding of taking the medication in the morning reflects adherence to the prescribed regimen.
Summary:
A: Incorrect - Improvement with fluoxetine typically takes weeks, not hours.
B: Incorrect - Grapefruit juice can interact with certain medications, but there is no specific interaction with fluoxetine.
C: Incorrect - While taking with food can help reduce stomach upset, it is not a strict requirement for fluoxetine.
D: Correct - Taking fluoxetine in the morning is ideal to prevent sleep disturbances.
E, F, G: Irrelevant - Not provided in the question.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to use the Z-track technique to administer a medication to a client. Which of the following is an appropriate action during this procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pull the skin 1.3 cm (1/2 inch) to the side. In the Z-track technique, pulling the skin to the side creates a zig-zag path for the medication, reducing the risk of leakage or tissue irritation. This action helps to seal the medication in the muscle tissue and prevents it from leaking back into the subcutaneous tissue.
Choice A is incorrect because inserting the needle slowly and gently is a general good practice but not specific to the Z-track technique.
Choice C is incorrect as aspiration is not recommended for intramuscular injections to avoid potential tissue damage.
Choice D is incorrect as the Z-track technique requires a 90-degree angle of insertion to ensure proper delivery of the medication into the muscle.