ATI RN
ATI Nurs 335 Pediatrics Exam Questions
Extract:
A child has been diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and is being treated with chemotherapy.
Question 1 of 5
Before administering the chemotherapy, the nurse will determine if this child has any infection-fighting capability by monitoring the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale:
A) Absolute neutrophil count (AN
C) is crucial for assessing infection-fighting capability before chemotherapy as neutrophils are key immune cells. Neutrophils help defend against bacterial and fungal infections, making ANC monitoring essential.
B) Eosinophils primarily target parasites and are not as indicative of infection-fighting ability as neutrophils.
C) Red blood cell count (RB
C) and
D) Hemoglobin (Hgb) are related to oxygen-carrying capacity but not directly involved in infection defense like neutrophils.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a child who has been diagnosed with a concussion.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as causing this type of injury?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because trauma from contact sports can lead to a condition known as diffuse axonal injury, where the brain twists or bounces against the skull causing widespread damage to nerve fibers. This injury pattern is consistent with the mechanism of injury described in the question.
A, a deep wound causing external bleeding, does not correlate with the type of injury described.
C, diffuse bleeding between the skull and brain, suggests a different type of injury mechanism.
D, blood pooling in the brain from a ruptured artery, does not match the description of brain twisting or bouncing against the skull.
Extract:
A nurse is providing education to a 12-year-old child who has been newly diagnosed with celiac disease.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it indicates a misunderstanding. Processed foods often contain hidden sources of gluten beyond flour, such as additives, seasonings, or thickeners. Checking labels for gluten sources like barley and rye (
B) shows awareness. Avoiding gluten-containing foods like bread, pasta, and cereal (
C) is appropriate. Using separate utensils for gluten-free foods (
D) prevents cross-contamination.
Extract:
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for an infant who has a 2-day history of vomiting and an elevated temperature.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following should the nurse recognize as the most reliable indicator of fluid loss?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Body weight. Body weight is the most reliable indicator of fluid loss because it directly reflects changes in fluid balance. When the body loses fluids, weight decreases. Monitoring body weight provides a quantitative measure of fluid loss or gain. Respiratory rate (
A) can be affected by various factors, blood pressure (
B) can fluctuate due to other reasons, and skin integrity (
D) may indicate dehydration but is not as reliable as body weight.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
Which assessment finding would the nurse expect in an infant with Hirschsprung's disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Constipation with foul-smelling, ribbon-like stool. Hirschsprung's disease is characterized by a lack of nerve cells in the colon, causing difficulty passing stool. This leads to constipation with ribbon-like stool due to the accumulation of fecal material. Currant jelly stool (
B) is seen in intussusception. Passage of foul-smelling, fatty stools (
C) is indicative of cystic fibrosis. Mucoid, bloody diarrhea (
D) is more consistent with conditions like infectious colitis or inflammatory bowel disease.