ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions and Correct Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is postoperative following an open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of the femur. Which of the following assessments should be the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pain assessment. Pain assessment should be the nurse's priority because postoperative pain management is crucial for the client's comfort, recovery, and overall well-being. Uncontrolled pain can lead to complications such as decreased mobility, respiratory issues, and delayed healing. Assessing and managing pain promptly can also prevent potential complications and promote early mobilization. The other choices are not the nurse's priority in this scenario. The Braden Scale assesses the risk of pressure ulcers, Morse Fall Risk Scale assesses the risk of falls, and nutritional assessment is important but not the priority immediately post-ORIF surgery.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has gastroenteritis. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse recognize as an indication that the client is experiencing dehydration?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased blood pressure. Dehydration in a client with gastroenteritis results in a decrease in blood volume, leading to decreased blood pressure. When the body loses fluids through vomiting and diarrhea, there is a reduction in circulating blood volume, causing a drop in blood pressure. This can result in symptoms such as dizziness, weakness, and increased heart rate as the body tries to compensate for the reduced blood volume. Distended jugular veins (
A) are more indicative of heart failure, increased blood pressure (
B) can occur in conditions like hypertension or stress, and pitting, dependent edema (
D) is a sign of fluid overload, not dehydration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving morphine for pain and has a respiratory rate of 8/min and a blood pressure of 80/50 mmHg. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Naloxone. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids like morphine, which can cause respiratory depression leading to bradypnea (slow breathing) and hypotension. In this case, the client's low respiratory rate and blood pressure indicate opioid overdose. Administering naloxone can help reverse the respiratory depression and stabilize the client's breathing and blood pressure.
Promethazine (
B) is an antihistamine used for nausea and vomiting, not for opioid overdose. Acetylcysteine (
C) is a mucolytic agent used for acetaminophen overdose. Flumazenil (
D) is a benzodiazepine antagonist, not indicated for opioid overdose.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new onset of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which of the following interventions by the nurse is the highest priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Initiate IV fluid replacement. In hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS), the client is severely dehydrated due to high blood glucose levels. IV fluid replacement is the highest priority to rehydrate the client and improve circulation. Administering insulin (
A) is important but not the highest priority as fluid replacement takes precedence. Teaching the client about manifestations of HHS (
B) is important for long-term management but not the immediate priority. Measuring urinary output (
C) is important to assess renal function but not as critical as rehydrating the client.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching the family of a client who has Alzheimer's disease about caring for the client at home. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Place a large-face clock in the client's bedroom. This is important for clients with Alzheimer's disease as they may have difficulty understanding the concept of time. A large-face clock with clear numbers can help the client orient themselves and maintain a sense of time. Keeping the client's bedroom dark at night (
A) may actually increase confusion and disorientation. Covering electrical outlets in the client's home with tape (
B) is not relevant to caring for a client with Alzheimer's disease. Hanging a monthly calendar in the client's bedroom (
C) may be overwhelming and confusing due to the client's cognitive difficulties.