ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 Exam 6 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is discussing adverse reactions to pain medications in older adult clients with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as risk factors for an adverse drug reaction? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A, C, D
Rationale:
A: Polypharmacy is a risk factor because older adults often take multiple medications, increasing the likelihood of drug interactions and adverse reactions.
C: Multiple health problems can impact the body's ability to metabolize and excrete medications properly, leading to higher risk of adverse drug reactions.
D: Decreased renal function in older adults can result in decreased drug clearance, causing medications to accumulate in the body and increase the risk of adverse reactions.
Incorrect
Choices:
B: Increased rate of absorption is not typically a risk factor for adverse drug reactions in older adults. Slower absorption may actually be a concern due to delayed onset of action.
E: Decreased percentage of body fat is not directly related to adverse drug reactions. Body fat percentage may affect drug distribution but is not a primary risk factor for adverse reactions.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has rheumatoid arthritis and a prescription for cyclosporine. The nurse should report which of the following laboratory values to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Creatinine 2.5 mg/dL. In a client taking cyclosporine, monitoring creatinine levels is crucial as cyclosporine can cause nephrotoxicity. An elevated creatinine level indicates impaired kidney function, which can be a serious side effect of cyclosporine.
Choice A (Sodium 139 mEq/L) is within normal range and not typically affected by cyclosporine.
Choice B (BUN 18 mg/dL) measures kidney function but is not as sensitive as creatinine for detecting nephrotoxicity.
Choice D (Potassium 4.2 mEq/L) is also within normal range and not directly related to cyclosporine use.
Therefore, the nurse should report the elevated creatinine level to the provider for further evaluation and management.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a group of clients. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider before administering?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Warfarin 100 units subcutaneously daily. Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication, and the dose is typically measured in milligrams, not units.
Therefore, the nurse should clarify the prescription with the provider to confirm the correct dosage before administering.
A: Zoledronate is given as a one-time dose, so clarification is not necessary.
B: Penicillin G is given at a specific dose and frequency, so clarification is not necessary.
D: Tetracycline is given at a specific dose and frequency, so clarification is not necessary.
In summary, the nurse should clarify the prescription for Warfarin as it is not commonly measured in units, unlike the other medications listed.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is taking hydrochlorothiazide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypokalemia. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can cause potassium loss through increased urine output. Hypokalemia can lead to cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and fatigue. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial in clients taking hydrochlorothjsonide to prevent adverse effects.
Incorrect choices:
A: Hypocalcemia is not a common adverse effect of hydrochlorothiazide.
C: Hypernatremia is not typically associated with hydrochlorothiazide use.
D: Hypermagnesemia is not a common adverse effect of hydrochlorothiazide.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is receiving gentamicin for staphylococcus. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Creatinine 1.8 mg/dL. Elevated creatinine levels indicate potential kidney damage, a known side effect of gentamicin. The nurse should report this finding immediately to prevent further harm. A: WBC 11,000/mm3 is within normal range. C: Potassium 4.5 mEq/L is within normal limits. D: Fasting blood glucose 130 mg/dL may indicate hyperglycemia but is not as urgent as kidney damage in this context.