ATI RN
ATI Nurs 180 Pharmacology Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who experienced a dry-non productive cough associated with an ACE inhibitor. Which of the following drugs is an alternative to ACE inhibitors?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Losartan (Cozaar). Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (AR
B), an alternative to ACE inhibitors. ARBs are used in patients who develop a dry cough with ACE inhibitors due to bradykinin accumulation. Losartan works by blocking the angiotensin II receptor, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone release, similar to ACE inhibitors but without affecting bradykinin metabolism. Metoprolol (
B) is a beta-blocker, Furosemide (
C) is a loop diuretic, and Hydralazine HCL (
D) is a direct vasodilator, none of which are alternatives to ACE inhibitors for cough.
Question 2 of 5
A client presents to the healthcare setting after beginning treatment with an Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Which of the following side-effects will the nurse be sure to assess for?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dry, non-productive cough. ACE inhibitors can cause a cough due to increased bradykinin levels. The nurse should assess for this side effect as it can be bothersome and affect the patient's quality of life. Hypokalemia and vomiting (
Choice
A) are not typical side effects of ACE inhibitors. Epistaxis and headache (
Choice
C) are more commonly associated with hypertension medications like beta-blockers. Nausea and vomiting (
Choice
D) are not specific to ACE inhibitors.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is educating a client on the possible side effects associated with quinapril (Accupril). Which of the following side effects are associated with this medication classification? (Select All that Apply)
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: The correct choices for side effects associated with quinapril (Accupril) are B, D, and E.
B: First dose phenomenon can occur with ACE inhibitors like quinapril, leading to a sudden drop in blood pressure after the first dose.
D: Dry nonproductive cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors, including quinapril, due to increased bradykinin levels.
E: Orthostatic hypotension can occur as quinapril can cause a decrease in blood pressure when changing positions.
A: Hypokalemia is not a common side effect of quinapril.
C: Hepatotoxicity is not typically associated with quinapril use.
Therefore, choices A and C are incorrect in relation to quinapril side effects.
Extract:
Medical History
Medications
Patient admitted 1 days ago with complaints of swelling, redness, and pain in left leg.
A nurse is taking care of a client with diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) receiving anticoagulant therapy.
Question 4 of 5
Based on the patient's current medications, the nurse knows to monitor [Dropdown Group 1] for heparin and [Dropdown Group 2] for warfarin sodium.
| aPTT |
| PT-INR |
| CBC |
| No lab monitoring is needed |
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale:
To monitor heparin, the nurse should check the aPTT as heparin affects this clotting test. For warfarin sodium, the nurse should monitor PT-INR (Prothrombin Time-International Normalized Ratio) as it reflects the effect of warfarin. CBC (Complete Blood Count) is not directly related to monitoring these medications. No lab monitoring is incorrect as both heparin and warfarin require monitoring.
Therefore, choices A and B are correct for this question.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who suffers from frequent blood clots and currently taking argatroban (Hospira). Which of the following conditions in the client's medical history would require them to take argatroban (Hospira)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Argatroban is a direct thrombin inhibitor used specifically for the treatment of HIT. HIT is a serious complication of heparin therapy characterized by a drop in platelet count and increased risk of blood clot formation. Argatroban helps prevent further clot formation by inhibiting thrombin.
Choice B (Myocardial infarction) is incorrect because argatroban is not typically used for the treatment of myocardial infarction.
Choice C (Gastrointestinal bleeding) is incorrect as argatroban does not specifically treat this condition.
Choice D (Hepatotoxicity) is incorrect as there is no direct indication for the use of argatroban in hepatotoxicity.