ATI RN
ATI Nurs 180 Pharmacology Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client who has just experienced a pulmonary embolism is administered alteplase (Activase). Which of the following side effects associated with this medication would the nurse assess for?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Internal bleeding. Alteplase is a thrombolytic medication that works by breaking down blood clots. One of the major side effects of thrombolytic therapy is the risk of internal bleeding due to the medication's ability to break down clots, which can lead to bleeding in various parts of the body. The nurse should closely monitor the client for signs of bleeding, such as bruising, bleeding gums, blood in urine or stool, and decreased blood pressure.
A: Hypokalemia is not a common side effect of alteplase.
C: Pancytopenia is a decrease in all three blood cell types (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) and is not typically associated with alteplase.
D: Hypertension is not a common side effect of alteplase.
Therefore, B is the correct answer as internal bleeding is a significant side effect to monitor for in a client receiving altepl
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client following a myocardial infarction (MI) and prescribed aspirin 325mg PO daily. Which of following effects of this medication would this client benefit from following a MI?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Inhibits platelet aggregation. Aspirin, at a low dose of 81-325mg daily, is often prescribed following an MI to inhibit platelet aggregation, thereby reducing the risk of further clot formation and preventing future cardiovascular events. Aspirin's anti-inflammatory properties (choice
A) are not the primary mechanism for its benefit post-MI. Anti-pyretic (choice
B) and antiemetic (choice
C) effects are not relevant in this context. In summary, the main benefit of prescribing aspirin following an MI is its ability to inhibit platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of clot formation and subsequent cardiovascular complications.
Question 3 of 5
A client presents to the emergency healthcare setting and diagnosed with a life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmia. Which of the following medications would the nurse begin to prepare?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Procainamide. This medication is a Class I antiarrhythmic drug that is effective in treating ventricular dysrhythmias. It works by blocking sodium channels in the heart muscle, helping to stabilize the heart's electrical activity. Atenolol (
A) and Lisinopril (
B) are not appropriate for ventricular dysrhythmias as they are beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors, respectively. Adenosine (
D) is used for supraventricular tachycardias, not ventricular dysrhythmias.
Therefore, procainamide is the most appropriate choice in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who currently has a deep vein thrombosis. Which of the following medications would be administered to lyse existing clots? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: D,F
Rationale:
Correct Answer: D,F
Rationale:
D: Alteplase (Activase) is a thrombolytic medication that helps dissolve existing clots by activating plasminogen to form plasmin, which breaks down fibrin in the clot.
F: Anistreplase (Eminase) is another thrombolytic medication that works similarly to alteplase in lysing existing clots.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Aspirin is an antiplatelet medication that helps prevent platelets from sticking together to form clots, but it does not lyse existing clots.
B: Low-molecular weight Heparin and C: Heparin are anticoagulants that prevent the formation of new clots, but they do not lyse existing clots.
E: Warfarin (Coumadin) is an anticoagulant that inhibits the synthesis of clotting factors, but it does not lyse existing clots.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with hypertension and requires medication therapy. Which of the following medications below is considered a first line treatment for hypertension?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lisinopril. Lisinopril is considered a first-line treatment for hypertension because it is an ACE inhibitor, which helps lower blood pressure by dilating blood vessels. It is well-tolerated, effective, and has shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. Doxazosin (
A) is an alpha-blocker, Carvedilol (
B) is a beta-blocker, and Clonidine (
D) is a centrally acting alpha-2 agonist, which are not typically first-line choices for hypertension. Lisinopril is preferred due to its proven efficacy and safety profile in managing hypertension.