ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Carugda Custom Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a patient who has dehydration. What findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A (Dark-colored urine)
Rationale: Dehydration leads to concentrated urine due to reduced fluid intake. Dark-colored urine indicates dehydration.
Summary:
B: High BP is not a typical finding in dehydration.
C: Distended neck veins are more indicative of fluid overload.
D & E: Moist skin is not expected in dehydration, as it usually presents with dry skin due to fluid loss.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is gathering data from a client who is experiencing hypokalemia due to nausea,vomiting,and diarrhea. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - Weak, irregular pulse
Rationale:
1. Hypokalemia leads to potassium deficiency, affecting the heart muscle.
2. Low potassium levels can cause an irregular heartbeat and weaken the pulse.
3. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea can cause potassium loss.
4. Hyperactive reflexes (
Choice
A) and hyperactive bowel sounds (
Choice
D) are not typical symptoms of hypokalemia.
Summary:
Choice A and D are incorrect as they do not align with the expected symptoms of hypokalemia.
Choice B, extreme thirst, is not a direct symptom of hypokalemia. The correct choice, C, directly relates to the cardiovascular effects of potassium deficiency.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of assistive personnel (AP) about infection control measures on the unit. Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent the spread of pathogens during patient care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Performing hand hygiene frequently and consistently. Hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent the spread of pathogens during patient care because hands are the most common mode of transmission for healthcare-associated infections. By washing hands frequently and consistently, healthcare workers can reduce the risk of spreading harmful pathogens from patient to patient. Properly disposing of contaminated equipment (
B), discarding used syringes in appropriate containers (
C), and changing soiled linens daily for patients with draining wounds (D and E) are important infection control measures, but they are not as effective as hand hygiene in preventing the spread of pathogens.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has a bowel obstruction and a new prescription for the insertion of a nasogastric tube. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take when inserting the nasogastric tube?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - Instruct the client to place his chin to his chest and swallow.
Rationale: Instructing the client to place his chin to his chest and swallow helps facilitate the passage of the nasogastric tube through the esophagus and into the stomach. This action helps to relax the throat muscles and aids in the insertion process. It also helps prevent the tube from entering the trachea, reducing the risk of aspiration.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Placing the client in a supine position is incorrect as it does not aid in the insertion of the nasogastric tube and may increase the risk of aspiration.
B: Withdrawing the tube if the client gags during insertion is incorrect as gagging is a normal response and does not necessarily indicate a need to stop the insertion process.
D: Measuring the tube for insertion from the tip of the nose to the umbilicus is incorrect as this measurement is typically used for nasogastric tube placement for
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assigned care of a patient who has HIV. Which of the following infection control precautions should the nurse plan to use while caring for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Standard precautions. Standard precautions are the basic level of infection control that should be used for all patients, regardless of their diagnosis. This includes practices such as hand hygiene, wearing gloves, masks, and gowns when appropriate, and safely handling and disposing of contaminated materials. Since HIV is not transmitted through the air, droplets, or direct contact, airborne, droplet, and contact precautions are not necessary. Using standard precautions ensures the nurse is protected from potential exposure to HIV and other infectious agents.