ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is the most common risk factor for emphysema?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smoking tobacco is the primary and most significant risk factor for emphysema.
Tobacco smoke contains harmful chemicals and toxins that directly damage the lungs. Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke leads to inflammation and destruction of lung tissue, particularly the alveoli, contributing to the development of emphysema.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge information to a client who has Parkinson's disease and their family members. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the discharge information?
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Encouraging regular walking improves mobility and balance. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables supports overall health. Teaching walker use enhances safety and independence. Fluid restriction and limiting outside activities are not appropriate as they may lead to dehydration and reduced quality of life.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has epilepsy. Which of the following instructions should be included in the nurse's teaching?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F
Rationale: These instructions promote safety by reducing risks of injury during seizures, such as falls, drowning, or accidents. Placing the client on the floor during a seizure and on their back post-seizure minimizes injury and supports recovery.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who was involved in a motor vehicle accident. The client is alert and oriented and reports a loss of consciousness immediately after the accident. Which of the following additional manifestations should the nurse assess the client for?
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Pupillary dilation, persistent headache, and difficulty waking are signs of potential neurological issues post-head injury, such as increased intracranial pressure or concussion. Hand tremors and foot drop are less directly related to immediate post-accident neurological assessment.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a spinal cord injury about prevention of atelectasis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deep coughing clears mucus and promotes lung expansion, reducing atelectasis risk. Panting breaths, chest muscle exercises, and excessive rest are less effective or may increase atelectasis risk due to reduced lung activity.