ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 II Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is administering naloxone to a client who has developed an adverse action to morphine. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a therapeutic effect of naloxone?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased respiratory rate. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids like morphine. Morphine can cause respiratory depression, so administering naloxone can increase the client's respiratory rate by reversing this effect. Increased pain relief (
A) is incorrect because naloxone does not provide pain relief itself. Decreased blood pressure (
C) is incorrect as naloxone does not affect blood pressure directly. Decreased nausea (
D) is incorrect as naloxone does not specifically target nausea.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking an osmotic laxative. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oliguria. Osmotic laxatives work by drawing water into the intestines to soften stools. This can lead to increased fluid loss through the GI tract, potentially causing fluid volume deficit. Oliguria, decreased urine output, is a sign of fluid volume deficit because the body is conserving fluid. Weight gain (
A) is not typically associated with fluid volume deficit. Nausea (
C) and headaches (
D) can be nonspecific symptoms and not specific to fluid volume deficit.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 4,000 units of heparin subcutaneously to a client who has deep-vein thrombosis. Available is heparin 10,000 units/mL. How many mL of heparin should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0.4 mL.
To calculate the amount of heparin to administer, you would use the formula: Volume (mL) = Dose (units) / Concentration (units/mL). In this case, Volume = 4,000 / 10,000 = 0.4 mL.
Choice A is correct as it correctly calculates the volume of heparin required based on the dose and concentration provided. Other choices are incorrect as they do not calculate the correct volume based on the given information.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has sinusitis and a new prescription for cefuroxime. Which of the following client information is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The client has a history of a severe penicillin allergy. This is the priority for the nurse to report because cefuroxime is a cephalosporin antibiotic, which has a cross-reactivity with penicillin. Clients with a severe penicillin allergy are at higher risk of an allergic reaction to cephalosporins like cefuroxime. It is crucial to ensure the provider is aware of this allergy to avoid potential severe adverse reactions. Reporting this information promptly allows the provider to make informed decisions about alternative antibiotics or potential desensitization protocols.
Incorrect choices:
A: The client reports a history of nausea with cefuroxime - Nausea is a common side effect of antibiotics and can often be managed symptomatically.
B: The client has a BUN level of 18 mg/dL - An elevated BUN level may require monitoring but is not directly related to the prescription of cefuroxime
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for total parental nutrition (TPN). Which of the following routes of administration should the nurse use?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Central venous access device. TPN is a hypertonic solution that can cause damage to peripheral veins. Central venous access devices allow for the administration of TPN into larger central veins, minimizing the risk of complications such as phlebitis and thrombosis. Midline catheters are not ideal for TPN due to the hypertonicity of the solution. Subcutaneous and intraosseous routes are not appropriate for TPN administration as they are not capable of delivering the solution effectively.