ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical 2 Final Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following disorders is a deficiency of factor VIII?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemophilia A is caused by a deficiency of factor VIII, leading to problems with blood clotting. Hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency of factor IX, not factor VIII. Christmas disease is another name for Hemophilia B, which is caused by a deficiency of factor IX. Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder affecting hemoglobin, not a clotting factor deficiency.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a male client who has been exposed to syphilis and has a genital chancre. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate when notifying the provider of these findings?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The VDRL test is commonly used to screen for syphilis, especially in the presence of a genital chancre. Prostate specific antigen is used to screen for prostate cancer, not for diagnosing syphilis. ELISA can be used to detect antibodies for various infections, but it is not the first-line test for syphilis. Western blot test is more commonly used to confirm HIV infection, not for initial syphilis screening.
Question 3 of 5
A 55-year-old postmenopausal woman reports a history of dyspareunia, backache, pelvis pressure, urinary tract infections, and a frequent urinary urgency. Which condition does the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A cystocele occurs when the bladder bulges into the vaginal canal, which can cause symptoms such as dyspareunia, backache, pelvic pressure, urinary tract infections, and urinary urgency. Fibroids are benign tumors of the uterus and can cause pelvic pain and pressure, but they are not typically associated with urinary symptoms. Ovarian cysts can cause pelvic pain and pressure but are not usually associated with urinary symptoms like urinary urgency. A rectocele occurs when the rectum bulges into the vaginal canal, which can cause symptoms like dyspareunia and pelvic pressure, but it is more likely to cause constipation than urinary urgency.
Question 4 of 5
Aplastic anemia is a disorder in which the bone marrow cells that develop into mature blood cells become damaged. The damaged bone marrow cells can lead to low numbers of red blood cells, white blood cells, and/or platelets. When the cause of aplastic anemia cannot be diagnosed, the cause is likely which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When the cause of aplastic anemia cannot be diagnosed, it is often attributed to an autoimmune disorder where the body attacks its own bone marrow cells. Radiation exposure can cause aplastic anemia, but if the cause is unknown, it is less likely to be due to a specific and identifiable event like radiation exposure. Chemotherapy drugs and toxins can cause aplastic anemia, but these causes would typically be identifiable based on the patient's medical history.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of ovarian cysts is seen by the primary health care provider (PHCP). The client has had 2 previous surgeries related to this condition. Her PHCP recommends an exploratory laparoscopic procedure for the current ovarian cyst, which has persisted for several months. The client states that the prior ovarian cysts were benign and questions the need for this procedure. Which response is best for the nurse to provide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This response validates the client's feelings and opens a dialogue for further discussion, allowing the client to express her concerns and receive appropriate information and support. The other options either cause unnecessary fear, dismiss the client's concerns, or fail to encourage open discussion.