ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 215 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client has been prescribed insulin based on carbohydrate counting adjustments. The carbohydrate ratio is 1:10, the premeal target blood sugar is 110, and the high blood sugar correction factor is 50. The client's premeal blood sugar was 225 and they consumed the following for dinner: 6 ounces baked chicken breast (0 g), 1 cup brown rice (45 g), 1 cup steamed broccoli (12 g), 2 TBS margarine (0 g). How many units of insulin will the nurse administer for the carbohydrates that were consumed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To calculate the insulin dose for carbohydrates, we first need to determine the total grams of carbohydrates consumed. Adding up the carbs from the dinner items: 45g (brown rice) + 12g (broccoli) = 57g.
Then, divide the total grams of carbs by the carbohydrate ratio (1:10): 57g / 10 = 5.7 units of insulin. This is the correct answer (
B).
Choice A (4.5 units) is incorrect because it does not accurately calculate the insulin dose based on the carbohydrate ratio.
Choice C (6.2 units) and
Choice D (7.1 units) are also incorrect as they do not reflect the correct calculation based on the given carbohydrate ratio.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is to administer insulin to a diabetic client. The finger stick blood glucose is 128. The client has 4 units of insulin lispro scheduled with meals in addition to the following adjustments scale. How many units of insulin will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 4 units. Based on the information provided, the client has a blood glucose level of 128, which falls within the normal range (70-130 mg/dL). With a scheduled dose of 4 units of insulin lispro with meals, no additional adjustments are needed as the blood glucose level is within the target range. Administering the scheduled 4 units ensures proper glycemic control without risking hypoglycemia.
Choice A: 2 units - This would be too low of a dose given the client's blood glucose level and scheduled dose.
Choice B: 3 units - Similar to A, this would be insufficient to maintain glycemic control.
Choice D: 5 units - This would be excessive and could lead to hypoglycemia, as the client's blood glucose level is already within the target range.
Choosing the correct answer of 4 units ensures safe and effective management of the client's diabetes.
Question 3 of 5
A client is prescribed calcium carbonate for GERD. After reviewing the client's chart, which potential risk does the nurse identify for the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypercalcemia. Calcium carbonate is an antacid used to treat GERD, which contains high levels of calcium. Excessive calcium intake can lead to hypercalcemia, characterized by symptoms like nausea, vomiting, confusion, and muscle weakness. Hypercalcemia can also cause cardiac arrhythmias and kidney stones. Metabolic alkalosis (
B) is unlikely as calcium carbonate does not significantly affect pH levels. Hepatotoxicity (
C) is not a common side effect of calcium carbonate. Hyperphosphatemia (
D) is not a direct risk associated with calcium carbonate use for GERD.
Question 4 of 5
The physician orders psyllium for constipation. Which client situation would require the nurse to question this order?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Psyllium is a bulk-forming laxative that requires adequate swallowing ability and fluid intake to prevent esophageal obstruction. A client with recent stroke and difficulty swallowing is at risk for aspiration and choking with psyllium.
Choice A is incorrect because psyllium can be given to clients on bedrest.
Choice B is incorrect because pain medication does not interact negatively with psyllium.
Choice C is incorrect as a clear liquid diet can be compatible with psyllium.
Question 5 of 5
A client is prescribed milk of magnesia. After reviewing the client's lab results, which potential electrolyte imbalance is the nurse concerned about?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypermagnesemia. Milk of magnesia contains magnesium, so the client may develop elevated magnesium levels. Hypermagnesemia can lead to muscle weakness, confusion, and cardiac arrhythmias. Hyponatremia (
A) is low sodium, not related to milk of magnesia. Hypokalemia (
C) is low potassium, not directly affected by milk of magnesia. Hypercalcemia (
D) is high calcium, not typically caused by milk of magnesia.