ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 215 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client has been prescribed insulin based on carbohydrate counting adjustments. The carbohydrate ratio is 1:10, the premeal target blood sugar is 110, and the high blood sugar correction factor is 50. The client's premeal blood sugar was 225 and they consumed the following for dinner: 6 ounces baked chicken breast (0 g), 1 cup brown rice (45 g), 1 cup steamed broccoli (12 g), 2 TBS margarine (0 g). How many units of insulin will the nurse administer for the carbohydrates that were consumed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To calculate the insulin dose for carbohydrates, we first need to determine the total grams of carbohydrates consumed. Adding up the carbs from the dinner items: 45g (brown rice) + 12g (broccoli) = 57g.
Then, divide the total grams of carbs by the carbohydrate ratio (1:10): 57g / 10 = 5.7 units of insulin. This is the correct answer (
B).
Choice A (4.5 units) is incorrect because it does not accurately calculate the insulin dose based on the carbohydrate ratio.
Choice C (6.2 units) and
Choice D (7.1 units) are also incorrect as they do not reflect the correct calculation based on the given carbohydrate ratio.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is about to give a client amoxicillin but discovers that the client had a rash when taking penicillin in the past. What should the nurse's next step be?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Discuss with the provider the possibility of using a different antibiotic. This is the appropriate action because the client had a rash when taking penicillin in the past, indicating a potential allergic reaction. It is crucial to avoid giving amoxicillin, a penicillin-related antibiotic, to prevent a similar reaction. Discussing with the provider to consider an alternative antibiotic can help ensure the client's safety and effectiveness of treatment. Administering amoxicillin (choice
B) without addressing the allergy history can lead to a severe allergic reaction. Prescribing an antihistamine (choice
C) may not be sufficient to prevent a potential allergic reaction to amoxicillin. Asking for a beta-lactamase resistant drug (choice
D) does not address the underlying issue of the client's penicillin allergy.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer the first dose of an antibiotic to a patient admitted for pneumonia. What is the most important action to take prior to administering the antibiotic?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Collect a blood culture sample. This is crucial before administering the antibiotic to identify the specific pathogen causing the pneumonia and determine the most effective antibiotic treatment. Collecting a urine sample (
A) is not necessary for administering an antibiotic for pneumonia. Ensuring the patient is on a cardiac monitor (
B) is important but not the most crucial step before administering the antibiotic. Checking baseline vital signs (
D) is important, but collecting a blood culture sample takes precedence in this situation as it directly impacts the choice of antibiotic therapy.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been prescribed the antibiotic doxycycline. What is the most important information for the nurse to include when educating the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Take the medication with a full glass of water. This is important because doxycycline can cause esophageal irritation if not taken with a full glass of water and can lead to ulceration. Taking it with a full glass of water helps to prevent this side effect.
Choice A is incorrect because taking doxycycline with food may decrease its absorption.
Choice B is incorrect as antacids can interfere with the absorption of doxycycline.
Choice C is incorrect as consuming yogurt does not prevent superinfection, and it may also affect the absorption of the medication.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching a patient who will be taking a proton pump inhibitor as long-term therapy about potential side effects. Which statement should the nurse include in the education to the patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Long-term use may contribute to osteoporosis. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can decrease calcium absorption, leading to an increased risk of osteoporosis. PPIs suppress stomach acid production, which is essential for calcium absorption.
Therefore, long-term PPI use can contribute to a decrease in bone density and increase the risk of fractures.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Long-term use of PPIs does not lead to hypermagnesemia. PPIs can actually decrease magnesium absorption.
C: While diarrhea can be a side effect of PPIs, it is not a common or significant long-term effect.
D: PPIs do not cause drowsiness. They are generally well-tolerated with minimal side effects when used appropriately.