Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Administering 1 mg of glucagon intramuscularly is unnecessary for a patient who is awake, alert, and able to swallow. Glucagon is reserved for patients who are unconscious and unable to swallow effectively to prevent choking. Administering 25 g of dextrose IVP is unnecessary in this case because the patient is alert and able to swallow. Oral intake of carbohydrates is the preferred and safer intervention for mild hypoglycemia like 69 mg/dL. Holding the insulin and encouraging the patient to eat provides glucose through dietary means, which is appropriate in a patient who is awake, alert, and hungry. A level of 69 mg/dL, though below normal, can be managed with oral glucose intake safely. Calling the MD is not the immediate priority in managing mild hypoglycemia. Intervening directly to correct the glucose level with oral intake is more appropriate and effective in this situation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Assisting the patient to the bathroom is within the scope of practice for a Nursing Aide (N
A) and does not require advanced training, making it an appropriate task to delegate while ensuring patient needs are met. Teaching weight-bearing precautions involves patient education, which is the responsibility of the Registered Nurse (RN) due to the need for professional judgment and instruction clarity. Pain level assessment requires critical thinking and professional judgment, which are within the RN's scope of practice. This cannot be delegated to an NA. Instruction on incentive spirometer use requires understanding of therapeutic goals, patient capability, and respiratory assessment, tasks specific to the RN and beyond the scope of an NA.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Appendicitis is the leading cause of emergency abdominal surgeries, accounting for a significant percentage globally. It results from inflammation of the appendix, often due to obstruction by fecalith or lymphoid hyperplasia. This condition progresses to localized infection, abscess formation, and potential rupture, requiring urgent surgical intervention to prevent life-threatening complications. The assertion that appendicitis is not the most common reason for emergency abdominal surgery contradicts epidemiological data. Diseases like cholecystitis or bowel obstructions occur less frequently and often have alternate non-surgical management options. Appendicitis's acute presentation and high risk of complications necessitate surgery, maintaining its predominance in emergency settings.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Checking plantar and dorsiflexion assesses neurological status requiring nursing expertise and cannot be delegated to UAP. Log rolling every 2 hours maintains spinal alignment post-laminectomy, a straightforward, standardized task suitable for experienced UAP. PCA assessment involves evaluating pain control methods, which require critical nursing judgments and is not appropriate to delegate. Determining readiness to ambulate involves comprehensive assessment skills, evaluating multiple factors like pain, strength, and hemodynamic stability, beyond UAP's scope of practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Loss of sensation to the perineum, buttocks, inner thighs, and back of the legs may indicate cauda equina syndrome, a surgical emergency. This condition involves compression of the spinal nerve roots and can lead to permanent neurological damage if not promptly addressed. Immediate medical intervention is critical. Nausea and delayed voiding postoperatively are common, potentially due to anesthesia effects or limited mobility. While these findings warrant monitoring, they do not typically indicate an urgent issue unless prolonged or associated with other complications. Mild low back pain is expected after lumbar spinal surgery due to manipulation of spinal structures. Pain management with prescribed analgesics and gradual mobilization is part of the standard postoperative care plan, and it does not usually necessitate immediate reporting. A single episode of emesis can result from anesthesia effects or medication. Unless accompanied by persistent vomiting, signs of aspiration, or electrolyte imbalances, isolated emesis is not typically urgent and should be managed with antiemetics if necessary.