ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 9 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has ulcerative colitis and is teaching the client about the common link with Crohn's disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are inflammatory bowel diseases causing chronic inflammation of the digestive tract.
Question 2 of 5
The primary health care provider has determined that a client has contracted hepatitis A based on flu-like symptoms and jaundice. Which statement made by the client supports this medical diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: I ate shellfish about 2 weeks ago at a local restaurant.' supports the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, which is an infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). HAV is transmitted by fecal-oral route, meaning that it can be contracted by ingesting contaminated food or water, such as raw or undercooked shellfish from polluted waters. The incubation period for hepatitis A is about two to six weeks. 'I was an intravenous drug abuser in the past and shared needles.' does not support the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, but may indicate exposure to hepatitis B or C, which are infections of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are transmitted by blood or body fluids, meaning that they can be contracted by sharing needles, syringes, or other injection equipment with infected people. 'I had a blood transfusion in 1980 after major abdominal surgery.' does not support the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, but may indicate exposure to hepatitis B or C, which are infections of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are transmitted by blood or body fluids, meaning that they can be contracted by receiving blood transfusions or organ transplants from infected donors. However, since 1992, all donated blood in the United States has been screened for HBV and HCV. 'I have had unprotected sex with multiple partners.' does not support the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, but may indicate exposure to hepatitis B or C, which are infections of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are transmitted by blood or body fluids, meaning that they can be contracted by having unprotected sex with infected people. However, sexual transmission of HAV is rare, unless there is contact with fecal matter.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse provides education to a client recently diagnosed with macular degeneration. Which of the following statements made by the client requires reinforcement of education by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The statement about vision being restored with eye drops is incorrect, as eye drops do not treat macular degeneration or restore vision. This chronic condition causes progressive vision loss, and treatments like injections may only slow progression.
Question 4 of 5
A blind client reports that they are having difficulty with sleep that is affecting their daytime activities. Which of the following will the nurse include in her plan of care for the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reason: This is incorrect because a referral to a sleep study program is not the most appropriate plan of care for a blind client who has difficulty with sleep. A sleep study program is used to diagnose and treat sleep disorders such as sleep apnea, narcolepsy, or restless legs syndrome. Reason: This is incorrect because assisting the client to see if a night shift job is available is not a helpful plan of care for a blind client who has difficulty with sleep. A night shift job can disrupt the circadian rhythm and worsen the sleep quality and quantity of the client. Reason: This is incorrect because institution of opioids and sedatives is not a safe plan of care for a blind client who has difficulty with sleep. Opioids and sedatives can cause addiction, dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms. They can also impair the respiratory and cognitive functions of the client. Reason: This is the correct choice because education about non-24 disorder is an essential plan of care for a blind client who has difficulty with sleep. Non-24 disorder is a condition where the internal clock of the body does not synchronize with the 24-hour day-night cycle. It can cause irregular sleep patterns, daytime fatigue, and mood disturbances. It is more common in blind people who lack light perception. The nurse should educate the client about the causes, symptoms, and treatments of non-24 disorder.
Question 5 of 5
A client arrives with an upper respiratory infection and complains of otalgia, malaise, and nasal drainage. The client's temperature is $100.7 \mathrm{~F}$. Which of the following will the nurse anticipate providing to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Education on administration of oral antibiotics is appropriate as bacterial infections, indicated by fever and otalgia, are common in upper respiratory infections. Mastoidectomy education, hearing tests, and antifungal creams are not relevant for this condition.