ATI RN
ATI Nur223g Pediatrics Sect 2 Final Exam Questions
Extract:
A toddler.
Question 1 of 5
When the nurse examines a toddler, she suggests to his mother that the activity that could most appropriately foster his developmental task according to Erikson would be to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Allow him to pull a talking-duck toy. According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, toddlers are in the autonomy vs. shame stage where they are developing independence. Allowing the toddler to pull a talking-duck toy promotes his exploration and independence, supporting his developmental task. Reading a story (choice
A) can be beneficial but does not directly address autonomy. Feeding him (choice
B) is a basic care activity and does not promote independence. Watching a puppet show on TV (choice
D) is passive and does not encourage active exploration.
Extract:
Conditions associated with tetralogy of Fallot.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following conditions is commonly associated with tetralogy of Fallot?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Polycythemia. In tetralogy of Fallot, there is a decreased blood flow to the lungs, causing chronic hypoxia. The body compensates by producing more red blood cells, leading to polycythemia. This condition is commonly associated with tetralogy of Fallot due to the chronic hypoxia.
Choice A, heart failure, may occur in severe cases but is not a defining feature. Option B, asthma, is not typically associated with tetralogy of Fallot.
Choice D, pulmonary hypertension, may develop as a consequence of the heart defect but is not as commonly associated as polycythemia.
Extract:
A school-age child with bilateral pneumonia and cystic fibrosis. Caregiver reports increased coughing, fatigue, and poor appetite. Wheezing and rhonchi auscultated bilaterally. Frequent cough productive with thick, yellow blood-streaked sputum. Dyspnea noted with activity. Child reports chest discomfort as 4 on a scale of 0 to 10. Consumes approximately 50% of meals. Passed three large, frothy, foul-smelling stools. Vital Signs: Day 1: Oral temperature 39.1° C, Heart rate 116/min, Respiratory rate 32/min, Blood pressure 102/60 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 95%. Day 3: Oral temperature 38.1° C, Heart rate 128/min, Respiratory rate 32/min, Blood pressure 88/48 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 88%.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a school-age child. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: The correct assessment findings to report to the provider are blood pressure (
B), oxygenation (
D), and gastrointestinal status (E). Blood pressure is crucial for monitoring cardiovascular health. Oxygenation is essential for respiratory function and can indicate respiratory distress. Gastrointestinal status is important for assessing nutrition and hydration.
Choices A, C, F, and G are typically within the nurse's scope of practice and can be addressed without immediate provider notification. Reporting abnormal blood pressure, oxygenation, or gastrointestinal status allows for timely intervention to prevent complications.
Extract:
Parents of a toddler.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about child development to the parents of a toddler. Which of the following developmental tasks should the nurse include as expected of a toddler?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cooperates in doing simple chores.
Toddlers around the age of 2-3 years start to show interest in imitating adults and participating in simple household tasks like putting toys away. This behavior signifies their growing independence and development of basic motor skills.
Choices B, C, and D are not typically expected developmental tasks of a toddler.
Toddlers often experience separation anxiety and have limited understanding of complex concepts like right and wrong or printing letters and numbers.
Therefore, the ability to cooperate in doing simple chores aligns more with age-appropriate toddler development.
Extract:
A child who is experiencing status asthmaticus.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is experiencing status asthmaticus. Which of the following interventions is the priority for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer a short-acting B2-agonist (SAB
A). In status asthmaticus, the priority is to quickly relieve bronchoconstriction for immediate relief of symptoms and prevent respiratory failure. SABA acts rapidly to dilate the airways, providing immediate relief. Option A (peak flow reading) is important for monitoring but not as urgent as providing immediate relief. Option B (inhaled glucocorticoid) is used for long-term management, not acute exacerbations. Option D (determining the cause) is important but not the priority in an emergency situation.