ATI RN
ATI Custom Pharmacology Exam 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and a new prescription for IV rifampin. The nurse should instruct the client that they should expect to experience which of the following manifestations while taking this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Red-coloured urine. Rifampin is known to cause a harmless side effect of discoloration of bodily fluids, such as urine, sweat, and tears, to a red-orange color. This is due to the medication's chemical properties. Staining of teeth (
A) is associated with tetracycline antibiotics, not rifampin. Constipation (
C) is not a common side effect of rifampin. Black-colored stools (
D) could be a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding but is not a typical side effect of rifampin.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer ophthalmic solution to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hold the ophthalmic solution 2 cm (3/4 inch) above the lower conjunctival sac. This is the correct action because it allows the drops to be instilled accurately into the eye without touching the eye or eyelashes, reducing the risk of contamination. Holding the solution at the correct distance ensures proper delivery into the lower conjunctival sac for optimal absorption.
Choice A is incorrect because asking the client to look down is not necessary for administering ophthalmic solution.
Choice B is incorrect because instilling drops into the superior canthus can lead to improper absorption.
Choice C is incorrect as approaching the eye from below may increase the risk of contamination.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is administering timolol eye drops to a client who has glaucoma. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Drop prescribed amount of medication into the conjunctival sac. This is the correct action because timolol eye drops are meant to be instilled into the conjunctival sac to ensure proper absorption and effectiveness. By dropping the medication into the conjunctival sac, the nurse ensures that the medication comes into direct contact with the eye tissues. This method also helps prevent contamination of the eye drops.
Choice A is incorrect because using clean technique on the distal portion of the eyedropper is not necessary for administering eye drops.
Choice B is incorrect as wiping the eye from the outer canthus to the inner canthus before instillation can introduce contamination to the eye.
Choice C is incorrect as applying pressure to the bridge of the nose after administration is not a recommended step for administering eye drops.
Question 4 of 5
Why are sublingual and buccal medications rapidly absorbed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because sublingual and buccal medications are absorbed directly into the systemic circulation through the highly vascularized tissues under the tongue and inside the cheek. This bypasses the first-pass metabolism in the liver, allowing for rapid absorption and onset of action.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because sublingual and buccal medications are not metabolized in the liver, their action is not solely located in the mouth, and blood flow is actually increased in these sites, enhancing absorption.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving mydriatic eye drops. Which of the following manifestations indicate to the nurse that the client has developed a systemic anticholinergic effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Constipation. Mydriatic eye drops contain anticholinergic agents that can lead to systemic absorption, causing anticholinergic effects like constipation. Anticholinergic medications inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to decreased GI motility and constipation. Hypothermia (choice
A) is not typically associated with anticholinergic effects. Bradycardia (choice
B) is more commonly associated with cholinergic effects. Seizures (choice
C) are not a typical anticholinergic effect.
Therefore, constipation is the most likely manifestation of systemic anticholinergic effects in this scenario.