ATI RN
ATI NUR 112 Fundamentals Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge information for a client who has a new prescription for an antihypertensive medication. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. It is important for the nurse to instruct the client to change positions slowly when moving from sitting to standing while taking an antihypertensive medication to prevent orthostatic hypotension. This is a common side effect of antihypertensive medications and can lead to dizziness, lightheadedness, and falls. Checking blood pressure every 8 hours (
B) is not necessary and can cause unnecessary anxiety. Avoiding foods that contain tyramine (
D) is specific to certain medications, such as MAOIs, not typically antihypertensives. The statement about increasing medication dosage if tachycardia develops (
A) is incorrect as tachycardia is not a common side effect of antihypertensive medications.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of anaphylactic reaction to penicillin receives a prescription for cephalexin 500 mg PO twice daily. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Contact the healthcare provider. Given the client's history of anaphylactic reaction to penicillin, cephalexin, a cephalosporin antibiotic, may cause a cross-reactivity and trigger a similar severe allergic reaction.
Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to contact the healthcare provider to discuss the potential risks and explore alternative medications to avoid harm to the client. Administering the medication as prescribed (choice
C) could lead to a life-threatening situation. Giving with an antihistamine (choice
B) may not be sufficient to prevent an anaphylactic reaction. Monitoring for a rash or hives (choice
D) is important but not enough to ensure the client's safety.
Question 3 of 5
The proper position for a patient receiving a rectal suppository or an enema is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct position for a patient receiving a rectal suppository or enema is on the left side. This position allows for easier insertion, as the anatomy of the colon aligns better in this position. Gravity helps the suppository or enema reach the rectum. The left side position also minimizes discomfort and reduces the risk of injury. The other choices are incorrect: Supine position hinders proper insertion, prone position is not ideal for rectal procedures due to discomfort and difficulty, and right side position is less effective due to the anatomy of the colon.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is administering sucralfate to a client with stomatitis secondary to chemotherapy. The client wants to take the medication after breakfast. How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Explain the need to take the medication at least 1 hour before meals. This is because sucralfate forms a protective coating in the stomach to help treat stomatitis, and taking it before meals ensures optimal absorption and effectiveness. Option A is incorrect as it does not address the importance of timing for sucralfate. Option C is incorrect as taking the medication after breakfast may interfere with its efficacy. Option D is incorrect as it does not specify the correct timing for sucralfate administration. It is crucial to educate the client on the proper administration to achieve therapeutic benefits.
Question 5 of 5
Albuterol and aminophylline are used to relax and dilate airway passages and are called:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bronchodilators. Albuterol and aminophylline are drugs that specifically target and relax the smooth muscles in the airway passages, leading to bronchodilation. This mechanism helps to widen the airways, making it easier for individuals to breathe. Vasodilators (
A) act on blood vessels, not airways. Salicylates (
B) are a class of drugs that include aspirin, not used for airway dilation. Expectorants (
D) help to thin mucus and make it easier to clear from the airways, but they do not directly dilate the passages.