ATI RN
ATI NUR 112 Fundamentals Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with peptic ulcer disease is scheduled to receive doses of pantoprazole IV and sucralfate PO before breakfast at 0800. The patient reports experiencing heartburn. The nurse brings the scheduled medications. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct action is to administer both medications before breakfast as scheduled (
D). Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that should be taken on an empty stomach to optimize its effectiveness in reducing stomach acid production. Sucralfate forms a protective barrier in the stomach and should also be taken on an empty stomach. Providing a PRN antacid (
A) is unnecessary as the scheduled medications address the issue. Instructing the client to take sucralfate with breakfast (
B) contradicts the medication's instructions. Holding the dose of IV pantoprazole (
C) delays treatment and may affect its efficacy.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of anaphylactic reaction to penicillin receives a prescription for cephalexin 500 mg PO twice daily. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Contact the healthcare provider. Given the client's history of anaphylactic reaction to penicillin, cephalexin, a cephalosporin antibiotic, may cause a cross-reactivity and trigger a similar severe allergic reaction.
Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to contact the healthcare provider to discuss the potential risks and explore alternative medications to avoid harm to the client. Administering the medication as prescribed (choice
C) could lead to a life-threatening situation. Giving with an antihistamine (choice
B) may not be sufficient to prevent an anaphylactic reaction. Monitoring for a rash or hives (choice
D) is important but not enough to ensure the client's safety.
Question 3 of 5
Ferrous sulfate elixir is prescribed for a client with iron deficiency anemia. Which instruction should the nurse provide this client about taking the liquid medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use a straw to ingest. Ferrous sulfate elixir can stain teeth, so using a straw helps prevent direct contact with teeth, reducing the risk of discoloration.
Choice B (Swallow undiluted) is incorrect as the elixir can be harsh on the stomach if not diluted.
Choice C (Mix with an antacid) is incorrect as antacids can decrease iron absorption.
Choice D (Take with a glass of milk) is incorrect as calcium in milk can inhibit iron absorption.
Question 4 of 5
A client with chronic asthma receives a prescription for montelukast, a leukotriene modifier. Which statement by the client indicates to the nurse that medication teaching was effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: Option C is correct because montelukast is a maintenance medication for asthma and needs to be taken regularly to control symptoms. Taking the tablet every evening helps maintain a consistent level of the drug in the body, reducing inflammation and preventing asthma attacks. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because montelukast is not a rescue medication for immediate relief during an asthma attack, it does not replace the need for using inhalers twice a day, and it does not provide immediate relief during an asthma attack.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge instructions for a client with metastatic cancer who is prescribed morphine for bone pain. Which information from the client indicates to the nurse an understanding of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: Option A is correct because monitoring bowel movement pattern and taking a stool softener help prevent constipation, a common side effect of morphine. This indicates understanding of medication's side effects and proactive approach to managing them.
Incorrect
Choices:
B: Drinking grapefruit juice can interact with morphine, but it is not the priority in this scenario.
C: Taking benzodiazepine with morphine can increase sedation and respiratory depression, not recommended.
D: Signs of agitation and insomnia are not common side effects of morphine, so monitoring for these is not necessary in this case.