ATI RN
ATI nurs 180 Pharmacology Final Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is taking pyridostigmine for muscle weakness associated with myasthenia gravis. The nurse educates the client on which possible cholinergic side effects associated with this medication? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: B,D,F
Rationale:
Correct Answer: B, D, F
Rationale:
- Dry mouth (choice
A) is not a common cholinergic side effect of pyridostigmine.
- Diarrhea (choice
B) is a possible cholinergic side effect due to increased GI motility.
- Decreased urination (choice
C) is not a typical cholinergic side effect.
- Excessive lacrimation (choice
D) can occur due to increased stimulation of the lacrimal glands.
- Tachycardia (choice E) is not a common cholinergic side effect.
- Excessive sweating (choice F) can occur as a result of increased cholinergic activity leading to stimulation of sweat glands.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client receiving cholinergic medications to assist in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. Which contraindication will the nurse assess for prior to administering a cholinergic medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Asthma. Cholinergic medications can exacerbate bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma, leading to difficulty breathing. This is because cholinergic medications increase the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system, which can cause constriction of the airways.
Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to assess for asthma as a contraindication before administering cholinergic medications to prevent potentially serious respiratory complications.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the potential adverse effects of cholinergic medications in patients with myasthenia gravis.
Question 3 of 5
A client presents to the clinic with intense itching at night and is diagnosed with pinworms. The nurse anticipates the client would be placed on which medication to treat this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: mebendazole (Vermox). Mebendazole is an anthelmintic medication commonly used to treat parasitic infections like pinworms. It works by disrupting the parasites' ability to absorb glucose, leading to their eventual death. Ciprofloxacin (
A) is an antibiotic used for bacterial infections, not parasites. Zidovudine (
B) is an antiretroviral medication used in HIV treatment. Ketoconazole (
C) is an antifungal drug used to treat fungal infections, not pinworms.
Therefore, mebendazole is the appropriate choice for treating pinworms due to its anthelmintic properties.
Extract:
History & Physical
Client is a 6 year-old female being seen in the ED for asthma exacerbation. Client diagnosed last year and has been taking home regimen of montelukast with fewer than 3 asthma attacks requiring hospitalization. Mother reports client started having mild cold symptoms 2 days prior. Upon arrival, client was having shortness of breath, wheezing heard bilaterally in lungs, and palpitations. Mother administered albuterol at home before arrival.
Question 4 of 5
A client presents to the healthcare setting experiencing an acute asthma exacerbation. Which of the following treatments below would the nurse anticipate giving to assist in reduction of symptoms?
| Options | Appropriate | Inappropriate |
|---|---|---|
| Oxygen administration | ||
| Inhaled short-acting beta-2 agonists | ||
| Inhaled Corticosteroids | ||
| Oral Decongestants | ||
| Oral Expectorants |
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: []
Rationale:
Oxygen administration is essential to increase oxygen levels during an acute asthma exacerbation. Inhaled short-acting beta-2 agonists (e.g., albuterol) help to quickly open airways by relaxing smooth muscles. Inhaled corticosteroids (e.g., fluticasone) are used to reduce airway inflammation and prevent future exacerbations. Oral decongestants and expectorants are not indicated for asthma exacerbations as they do not target the underlying airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A client diagnosed with strep throat requires antibiotics for treatment. With an allergy to penicillin, the nurse understands which medication should be avoided due to cross-sensitivity with penicillin medications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cephalosporins. Cephalosporins should be avoided in a client with a penicillin allergy due to cross-sensitivity. Both penicillins and cephalosporins share a similar beta-lactam ring structure, which can lead to allergic reactions in individuals with a penicillin allergy. Macrolides (
A), sulfonamides (
B), and tetracyclines (
D) do not have cross-sensitivity with penicillin and are safe alternatives for a client with a penicillin allergy.