ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Nurses' Notes: The child's guardian states the child has been unable to sleep recently and has been very irritable. Guardian expresses concern about the child's atopic dermatitis worsening and the child scratching excessively, which results in the areas bleeding. Guardian states the child has a history of allergic rhinitis. Medication Administration Record: Diphenhydramine 10 mg PO 4 times per day, Pimecrolimus 1% cream apply to skin lesions daily. Assessment: Child is alert and responsive, Respiratory rate even and nonlabored at rate of 24/min. No adventitious sounds auscultated. Heart rate 108/min, Generalized small clusters of reddish, scaly patches with lichenifications and depigmentation on the child's bilateral upper and lower extremities.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include in the discharge instructions for the child's guardian? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,F,G
Rationale: A. Cutting and filing the child's fingernails frequently can help prevent excessive scratching and further damage to the skin. B. Using a mild detergent reduces the risk of skin irritation and exacerbation of atopic dermatitis. C. Pimecrolimus cream should be applied thinly, not in a thick layer, to the affected areas to avoid potential side effects. D. Atopic dermatitis tends to have periodic flare-ups, so it's important to inform the guardian about this aspect of the condition. E. Atopic dermatitis itself is not contagious, although the child may be prone to skin infections if lesions are present. F. Applying gloves to the child's hands can prevent scratching and further skin damage. G. Emollients help to moisturize the skin and improve its barrier function, which is important in managing atopic dermatitis.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 1-week-old newborn who has hyperbilirubinemia and is being treated with phototherapy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Checking the newborn's eyes every 8 hours is not directly related to the management of hyperbilirubinemia or phototherapy; eye shields are typically used during phototherapy to protect the eyes. B. Placing mittens on the newborn's hands is not necessary for the management of hyperbilirubinemia or phototherapy. C. Monitoring the newborn's temperature every 2 hours is important during phototherapy to prevent complications such as hypothermia or hyperthermia. D. Applying lotion to the newborn's skin is not recommended during phototherapy as it can interfere with the effectiveness of the treatment.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is applying soft limb restraints to a child who is acting aggressively toward staff. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Tying restraints to the side rails poses a risk of injury to the child and is not a recommended practice. B. Renewing the prescription for restraints every 48 hours is important, but it does not directly address the proper application of restraints. C. Securing restraints with a quick-release knot allows for quick removal in case of emergency and is the correct method for applying restraints. D. Assessing the child every 4 hours while in restraints is important, but it does not address the proper application of restraints; assessments should occur more frequently, typically every 2 hours.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning postoperative care for an adolescent following scoliosis repair with spinal instrumentation. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Offering sips of water 4 hours following surgery may be too early and could increase the risk of aspiration in the immediate postoperative period. B. Ambulation 12 hours following surgery may not be appropriate depending on the extent of the surgery and the patient's condition. It's important to follow physician orders regarding activity and mobilization. C. Maintaining the head of the bed at a 30° angle may help prevent respiratory complications but is not specific to scoliosis repair with spinal instrumentation. D. Logrolling the adolescent every 2 hours helps to prevent complications such as pressure ulcers and maintains proper alignment of the spine postoperatively.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assess a 4-year-old child's visual acuity. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Assessing both eyes together first, then separately, is not the standard method; typically, each eye is tested separately first to detect differences. B. Positioning the child 4.6 meters (15 feet) from the chart is incorrect; the standard distance for a Snellen chart is 20 feet (6 meters), though a 10-foot chart may be used for young children. C. Testing the child without glasses before testing with glasses may be appropriate but is not specifically related to the method of visual acuity assessment. D. Using a tumbling E chart is appropriate for assessing visual acuity in young children who may not recognize letters. The tumbling E chart uses a series of 'E' shapes facing different directions, allowing the child to indicate the direction the 'E' is facing, thus assessing visual acuity.