ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2 Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
Before administering cefazolin (Ancef), the nurse checks for a previous allergic reaction to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Penicillin. Cefazolin belongs to the penicillin class of antibiotics, so assessing for a previous allergic reaction to penicillin is crucial to prevent an allergic reaction. Sulfonamides (
A), macrolides (
B), and yeast (
C) are not directly related to cefazolin, so checking for allergies to these substances is not necessary in this case.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about vancomycin with a client who has an infection. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Notify your provider if you experience any changes in your hearing. This is important because vancomycin is known to cause ototoxicity, which can manifest as changes in hearing. By notifying the provider promptly, any potential adverse effects can be addressed.
Choice A is incorrect because vancomycin does not typically cause urine discoloration.
Choice B is incorrect as discontinuing the medication before completing the full course can lead to antibiotic resistance and treatment failure.
Choice D is incorrect as adequate hydration is important to prevent kidney damage associated with vancomycin.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is the goal of monitoring peak and trough levels during antibacterial therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Keep the serum drug level within the therapeutic margin. Monitoring peak and trough levels during antibacterial therapy is crucial to maintain the drug concentration within the therapeutic range for optimal efficacy and minimal toxicity. Peak levels ensure adequate drug concentration to kill bacteria, while trough levels prevent subtherapeutic levels that may lead to treatment failure or drug resistance.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the pharmacokinetic monitoring of antibacterial therapy.
Choice B suggests a different approach to optimizing drug effect, while choices C and D focus on patient comfort and psychological well-being rather than drug monitoring.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 400 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride IV over 8 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 50 gtt/min
Rationale:
To calculate the drop rate, first convert the total volume to drops. 400 mL * 60 gtt/mL (drop factor) = 24000 gtt.
Then, divide the total drops by the total time in minutes (8 hr * 60 min/hr = 480 min) to get the drops per minute: 24000 gtt / 480 min = 50 gtt/min. This ensures the correct administration rate. Other choices would be incorrect due to incorrect calculations or misinterpretation of the question.
Question 5 of 5
When beginning herbal products, the nurse understands that the best way to identify allergic or other adverse reactions is to have the client:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Use only one herbal preparation at a time. This is the best way to identify allergic or adverse reactions because it allows for clear attribution of any reaction to the specific herb being used. Using multiple herbal products simultaneously can make it difficult to determine which product is causing the reaction.
A: Never take with prescription medications - This is incorrect as many herbal products can be taken safely with prescription medications under proper guidance.
C: Take less than the recommended dose initially - This may not be effective in identifying adverse reactions if the reaction occurs at any dose.
D: Check with a reputable pharmacist - While it is important to consult a pharmacist for guidance, this alone may not be the best method to identify allergic reactions.
In summary, using only one herbal preparation at a time is the most effective method to pinpoint any allergic or adverse reactions.