ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
What set of arterial blood gases (ABGs) would you expect to see in a client with acute chest trauma?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: pH 7.30, high CO2 (52), and near-normal HCO3 (22) reflect respiratory acidosis from hypoventilation in chest trauma, like rib fractures, reducing air exchange. Compensation is minimal acutely, fitting the clinical scenario. Other options (A,
C) indicate respiratory alkalosis, and D suggests mixed acidosis, less precise for acute chest trauma's primary CO2 retention.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism. Which of the following orders from the healthcare provider can be expected to reduce the client's overproduction of calcium? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: A low calcium diet reduces intake, high fiber binds calcium, lowering absorption. Parathyroidectomy removes overactive glands, stopping excess PTH-driven calcium release. Furosemide increases renal calcium excretion. Calcium carbonate worsens hypercalcemia, and fluid restriction concentrates calcium, counterproductive.
Question 3 of 5
Your labs are potassium 6.4, sodium 138, and serum calcium level of 9. Which order from the healthcare provider would the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Kayexalate binds potassium in the gut, facilitating its excretion, effectively lowering serum levels (6.4 mEq/L) in hyperkalemia. Fluid restriction may worsen potassium concentration, neomycin is irrelevant, and sodium chloride with furosemide is less direct than Kayexalate for rapid correction.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has myxedema. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Myxedema, severe hypothyroidism, causes fluid retention and glycosaminoglycan deposits, leading to non-pitting leg edema. Heat intolerance and tachycardia occur in hyperthyroidism, while diarrhea is linked to increased gut motility, not myxedema's constipation.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with lupus and is reviewing the medication list. Which of the following prescriptions would not correlate to this illness?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Donepezil treats Alzheimer's, unrelated to lupus's autoimmune pathology. Prednisone , hydroxychloroquine , and methotrexate manage inflammation, flares, and immune activity in lupus, aligning with standard treatment.