ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Exam 5 Questions
Extract:
4-month-old infant
Question 1 of 5
Which reflex, if found in a 4-month-old infant, would cause the nurse to be concerned?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A:
Step reflex. At 4 months, infants should not exhibit the step reflex, where they make stepping motions when held upright. This reflex typically disappears around 2 months. If present at 4 months, it may indicate a delay in motor development. Plantar grasp, neck righting, and Babinski reflex are normal at this age. Plantar grasp involves the toes curling when the sole of the foot is touched, neck righting is the ability to turn the head in response to changes in position, and Babinski reflex is the fanning out of toes when the sole of the foot is stroked.
Extract:
24-month-old boy in a daycare center
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is observing a 24-month-old boy in a daycare center. Which finding suggests delayed motor development?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because a 24-month-old child should typically have the motor skills to unscrew a jar lid, which involves fine motor control and coordination. This task requires hand strength and dexterity, which are important developmental milestones at this age.
Choices A, B, and D are not indicative of delayed motor development as they could be within the range of normal variation for a child this age. Difficulty pushing a toy lawnmower, trouble undressing, and falling when bending over are more common issues that children may experience as they continue to develop their gross motor skills and coordination.
Extract:
2-month-old infant with heart rate 190/min and temperature 40° C (104° F)
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is obtaining vital signs from 2-month-old infant. The infant's heart rate is 190/min and his temperature is 40° C (104° F). The father asks the nurse why the infant's heart is beating so fast. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A fever can cause an increase in heart rate as the body works harder to fight off infection. The elevated temperature triggers the body to increase heart rate to help distribute blood and nutrients efficiently.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. B is incorrect because the heart rate does not increase to cool down the body, but rather in response to the fever.
Choice C is incorrect because a heart rate of 190/min in a 2-month-old infant is above the expected range and warrants further evaluation.
Choice D is incorrect because falling asleep does not directly lead to a decrease in heart rate in response to a fever.
Extract:
Child weighing 20 kg
Question 4 of 5
The order is Solumedrol 3 mg/kg for a child weighing 20 kg. Solumedrol is available as 125 mg/2mL. How many ml(s) must the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0.96 mL. Firstly, calculate the total dose needed: 20 kg x 3 mg/kg = 60 mg of Solumedrol.
Then, determine the concentration: 125 mg/2 mL = 62.5 mg/mL. Finally, divide the total dose by the concentration to find the volume needed: 60 mg / 62.5 mg/mL = 0.96 mL. This calculation ensures the correct dosage is administered based on the child's weight and the concentration of the medication. Other choices are incorrect due to incorrect calculations or misinterpretation of the question.
Extract:
Child with otitis media
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has otitis media. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Erythema and edema of the affected ear. In otitis media, the middle ear becomes inflamed and infected, leading to redness (erythema) and swelling (edema) of the affected ear. This is due to the accumulation of fluid and pus behind the eardrum. Clear drainage (choice
A) would not be expected in otitis media, as drainage is usually purulent. Pain when manipulating the affected ear lobe (choice
C) is more characteristic of otitis externa. Tugging on the affected ear lobe (choice
D) may indicate ear pain but is not specific to otitis media.