ATI RN
ATI RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 Questions
Extract:
6-month-old infant with respiratory syncytial virus
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant who has respiratory syncytial virus. The nurse should immediately report which of the following findings to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oxygen saturation < 90% or central cyanosis. This finding indicates severe respiratory compromise in the infant with RSV, necessitating immediate medical attention to address hypoxemia. Oxygen saturation below 90% can lead to tissue hypoxia and organ damage. Central cyanosis suggests inadequate oxygenation of the blood. Reporting this to the provider promptly ensures timely intervention to improve oxygenation and prevent further complications.
Choices A, C, and D are important clinical manifestations in RSV but do not indicate immediate life-threatening respiratory compromise like severe hypoxemia does. Reporting these findings would still be essential but not as urgent as addressing severe hypoxemia.
Extract:
Preschool-age child with acute acetylsalicylic acid poisoning
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a preschool-age child who has acute acetylsalicylic acid poisoning. Which of the following should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hyperpyrexia. Acetylsalicylic acid poisoning can lead to metabolic acidosis, which can cause an increase in body temperature known as hyperpyrexia. This occurs due to the toxic effects of salicylates on the thermoregulatory center in the brain. Polyuria, neck vein distention, and jaundice are not typically associated with acute acetylsalicylic acid poisoning. Polyuria is more commonly seen in diabetes insipidus or kidney issues, neck vein distention may indicate heart failure, and jaundice is a symptom of liver dysfunction.
Extract:
Child with impetigo
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child who has impetigo. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apply bactericidal ointment to lesions. Impetigo is caused by bacteria, so using a bactericidal ointment helps kill the bacteria and promote healing. Soaking hairbrushes in boiling water (
B) is more appropriate for treating head lice, not impetigo. Administering acyclovir (
C) is used for viral infections, not bacterial infections like impetigo. Sealing soft toys in a plastic bag (
D) is unnecessary as impetigo is spread through direct contact, not through objects.
Extract:
School-age child newly diagnosed with a seizure disorder
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a school-age child newly diagnosed with a seizure disorder. The nurse should teach the parents to take which of the following actions during a seizure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clear the area of hard objects. This is important during a seizure to prevent injury to the child. Hard objects can cause harm if the child hits them during a seizure. Minimizing movement of the limbs (
A) is not necessary as it is difficult to control the child's movements during a seizure. Inserting a tongue blade between the teeth (
B) is dangerous and can cause more harm. Placing the child in a prone position (
D) is also not recommended as it can obstruct their airway. It is crucial to maintain a safe environment by removing hard objects to prevent injury during a seizure.
Extract:
Adolescent who reports inhalation of gasoline
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing an adolescent who reports inhalation of gasoline. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ataxia. Inhalation of gasoline can lead to central nervous system depression, causing symptoms such as ataxia (loss of coordination). Gasoline does not typically cause hypothermia, hyperactive reflexes, or pinpoint pupils. Ataxia is a common finding in cases of gasoline inhalation due to its effects on the brain and nervous system. Other symptoms may include dizziness, headache, confusion, and respiratory distress.
Therefore, the nurse should expect to observe ataxia in an adolescent who reports inhalation of gasoline.