ATI RN
RN ATI Adult Medsurg Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client for fluid volume deficit following lumbar spinal surgery. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication the client is at risk for fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Surgical drain output 300 mL during an 8-hr shift. This finding indicates potential fluid loss, which can lead to fluid volume deficit. Surgical drain output is a direct measure of fluid loss from the body and can help assess the client's fluid status. Bounding peripheral pulses (
B) and neck vein distention (
C) are signs of fluid volume excess, not deficit. Weight gain of 2 kg (4.4 lb) in 24 hours (
D) suggests fluid retention, not deficit.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has dumping syndrome following a gastric resection. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications of dumping syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Iron-deficiency anemia. Dumping syndrome following a gastric resection can lead to rapid emptying of the stomach contents into the small intestine, causing malabsorption of nutrients, especially iron. Iron-deficiency anemia can develop due to inadequate iron absorption. Monitoring for anemia is crucial in these clients.
Hyperkalemia (
A), hypoglycemia (
B), and hypertension (
D) are not typical complications of dumping syndrome. Hyperkalemia is high potassium levels, hypoglycemia is low blood sugar, and hypertension is high blood pressure, which are not directly associated with dumping syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is overusing prescribed diuretics and has a sodium level of 127 mEq/L. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Low urine specific gravity. Excessive diuretic use can lead to volume depletion and low sodium levels. Low sodium levels cause the kidneys to excrete more water, resulting in dilute urine with low specific gravity. High urine specific gravity would indicate concentrated urine, which is not expected in this situation. Elevated potassium levels (choice
C) are not typically associated with overuse of diuretics, as diuretics can actually lead to potassium loss. Similarly, decreased potassium levels (choice
D) are commonly seen with diuretic use due to increased excretion of potassium by the kidneys.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 75-year-old client who is admitted to the medical-surgical unit. Which of the following findings indicate the client is most likely experiencing deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Unilateral right lower extremity swelling and warmth below the knee are classic signs of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The swelling occurs due to blood clot formation, leading to impaired venous return and warmth due to inflammation.
Choice B is incorrect because pain level alone is not a specific indicator of DVT.
Choice C is incorrect as ambulating with assistance does not directly relate to DVT.
Choice D is incorrect as not wearing sequential compression devices does not definitively indicate DVT.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client immediately following intubation with an endotracheal (ET) tube. Which of the following methods should the nurse identify as the most reliable for verifying placement of the ET tube?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Using an end-tidal CO2 detector. This method is the most reliable for verifying ET tube placement because it directly measures the presence of CO2 in exhaled breath, confirming that the tube is in the trachea. This is crucial to prevent inadvertent esophageal intubation. Observing for symmetrical chest rise and fall (
A) can be misleading as it can occur even with esophageal intubation. Auscultating bilateral breath sounds (
B) can also be unreliable as breath sounds may be heard even if the tube is in the esophagus. Checking for condensation in the ET tube (
D) is not a reliable method for verifying placement as condensation can occur regardless of tube placement.