ATI RN
RN ATI Adult Medsurg Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is a manifestation of hyperglycemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B - Increased thirst
Rationale: Hyperglycemia results in elevated blood glucose levels, which leads to osmotic diuresis and fluid loss, causing increased thirst. Sweating (
A) is more commonly associated with hypoglycemia. Shakiness (
C) is a symptom of hypoglycemia due to low blood sugar levels. Decreased urination (
D) is not a typical manifestation of hyperglycemia as it is more commonly associated with conditions like dehydration or kidney issues.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is inspecting the skin of a client who has basal cell carcinoma. The nurse should identify which of the following lesion characteristics on the clients skin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A pearly, waxy nodule. Basal cell carcinoma typically presents as a pearly, waxy nodule on the skin. This characteristic appearance is due to the growth of abnormal cells in the basal cell layer of the skin. The nodule may also have small blood vessels visible on its surface. This presentation is distinct from other skin lesions.
Choice B, a scaly red patch, is more indicative of conditions like psoriasis or eczema.
Choice C, a dark irregular mole, is more suggestive of melanoma.
Choice D, a firm, painless lump, is more characteristic of conditions like lipomas or fibromas. Thus, the correct answer is A based on the specific characteristics of basal cell carcinoma.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning preventative strategies for a client who is at risk for pressure injuries. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apply moisturizer to damp skin after bathing. Moisturizing helps maintain skin integrity and hydration, reducing the risk of pressure injuries. When skin is damp, it is more receptive to hydration, which can prevent dryness and breakdown. Applying moisturizer also helps to maintain the skin's natural barrier function. Massaging bony prominences (choice
B) can actually increase the risk of pressure injuries by causing friction and shearing forces. Using cornstarch powder (choice
C) can lead to moisture buildup and increase the risk of skin breakdown. Positioning the client at a 90-degree angle in bed (choice
D) is not a recommended preventive strategy for pressure injuries.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has tuberculosis. Which of the following precautions should the nurse implement for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Airborne precautions. Tuberculosis is spread through the air via droplet nuclei. Implementing airborne precautions involves placing the client in a negative pressure room, using an N95 respirator, and ensuring proper ventilation. Standard precautions (
A) are used for all clients. Contact precautions (
C) are used for clients with infections that can be spread by direct or indirect contact. Droplet precautions (
D) are used for infections spread through larger respiratory droplets. In this case, airborne precautions are specifically needed due to the mode of transmission of tuberculosis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client for fluid volume deficit following lumbar spinal surgery. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication the client is at risk for fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Surgical drain output 300 mL during an 8-hr shift. This finding indicates potential fluid loss, which can lead to fluid volume deficit. Surgical drain output is a direct measure of fluid loss from the body and can help assess the client's fluid status. Bounding peripheral pulses (
B) and neck vein distention (
C) are signs of fluid volume excess, not deficit. Weight gain of 2 kg (4.4 lb) in 24 hours (
D) suggests fluid retention, not deficit.