ATI RN
ATI Rn 46 Med Surg Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching several newly licensed nurses about cardiac valve replacement. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Among the four heart valves (aortic, mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary), the aortic and mitral valves are indeed the most commonly replaced valves. Aortic stenosis and mitral valve regurgitation are frequent indications for valve replacement. Aortic stenosis primarily affects the left ventricle, not the right. Mitral valve insufficiency primarily causes problems on the left side of the heart. The tricuspid valve is on the right side of the heart and its inadequate closure affects the right side, not the left ventricle.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who is postoperative following the insertion of a permanent pacemaker. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D,E,F
Rationale: Patients should avoid high-impact activities for 6-8 weeks, not 4 weeks. Airport security should be informed about the pacemaker to avoid interference from metal detectors. Modern pacemakers are not affected by microwaves. Hiccups may indicate pacemaker malfunction and should be reported. Monitoring pulse daily helps detect issues. Tight clothing can irritate the insertion site.
Question 3 of 5
Which action should the nurse include in a community health program to decrease the incidence of rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rheumatic fever is a complication of untreated streptococcal pharyngitis. Timely antibiotic treatment prevents its development. Prophylactic antibiotics are for secondary prevention, not broad community strategy. No streptococcal vaccine is widely available. Monitoring temperature is less effective than ensuring treatment.
Question 4 of 5
After receiving shift change report, which of the following patients should the nurse see first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: New-onset flank pain and hematuria in a patient with infective endocarditis suggest a life-threatening complication like renal infarction, requiring immediate attention. Mitral valve prolapse is not critical. Low urine output needs monitoring but is less urgent. The pacemaker patient is stable.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has suspected cardiac tamponade. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse anticipate the provider to order first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An echocardiogram is the most specific test for cardiac tamponade, visualizing fluid in the pericardial sac and its impact on heart function. ECG, CT, and chest x-ray are less definitive for this diagnosis.