ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing four clients on a medical unit. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as exhibiting positive manifestations of hypercortisolism?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Moon face, or rounded facial appearance with prominent cheeks, is a characteristic manifestation of hypercortisolism (Cushing's syndrome).
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. For which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Metabolic alkalosis can lead to potassium depletion causing muscle weakness, decreased calcium ionization causing circumoral paresthesia, and cerebral vasoconstriction causing dizziness.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD) and states she has heartburn. The provider prescribes aluminum hydroxide. The client asks, 'Why can't I just take the antacid magaldrate my husband has at home?' The nurse explains to the client that aluminum hydroxide is the preferred antacid because it lowers which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aluminum hydroxide is preferred because it binds to dietary phosphate, reducing serum phosphorus levels in patients with chronic kidney disease who are prone to hyperphosphatemia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is admitted for elective surgery and has a history of Addison's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperpigmentation, particularly in sun-exposed areas and pressure points, is a characteristic finding in Addison's disease due to increased melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) production.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fluid restriction is a key component of managing SIADH to prevent further water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Restricting fluid intake helps to normalize serum sodium levels by allowing excess water to be excreted.