ATI RN
ATI Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching a class on muscular coordination and explains it is the movement of what electrolyte that contributes to the process of muscle contraction and relaxation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Calcium. Calcium plays a crucial role in muscle contraction and relaxation. During muscle contraction, calcium ions bind to proteins in muscle fibers, allowing the actin and myosin filaments to slide past each other. This sliding action is what causes muscle contraction. When muscle relaxation is needed, calcium ions are pumped back into storage within the muscle cells, leading to relaxation. Magnesium (
A), chloride (
B), and hydrogen (
D) do not directly influence muscle contraction and relaxation like calcium does.
Question 2 of 5
A home care nurse administers oral morphine to the patient with cancer pain. When will the nurse expect the medication to reach peak activity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 45 minutes. Oral morphine typically reaches peak activity within 30-60 minutes after administration due to its absorption rate. After ingestion, the medication passes through the stomach and intestines before entering the bloodstream, which takes time.
Choice B (10 minutes) is too soon for peak activity.
Choice C (30 minutes) is close but not the peak time frame.
Choice D (60 minutes) is too late for peak activity.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been taking Sertraline (Zoloft) 20mg/ml oral concentrate 1ml daily for several weeks and reports being unable to sleep well. What will the nurse do next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ask the patient what time of day the medication is taken. This is because insomnia can be a common side effect of sertraline, and taking it at a different time of day may help alleviate this issue. By understanding the timing of the medication intake, the nurse can assess if adjusting the administration time may improve the patient's sleep. Option B is not directly related to addressing the sleep concern. Option C may help but does not address the timing issue. Option D is premature without assessing the current timing.
Question 4 of 5
What assessment finding would indicate the patient's left-sided heart failure is worsening?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased crackles in lung fields. Worsening left-sided heart failure causes fluid to accumulate in the lungs, leading to crackles on auscultation. Increased jugular venous pressure (
A) is more indicative of right-sided heart failure. Liver enlargement (
B) is a sign of congestive hepatomegaly, common in right-sided heart failure. Increased pulse rate (
C) may indicate heart failure exacerbation but is not specific to left-sided failure.
Therefore, choice D is the best indicator of worsening left-sided heart failure.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with Parkinson's Disease. While writing the care plan for the patient, what would be an appropriate diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, "Risk for injury related to CVS effects and incidence of orthostatic hypotension." This is the most appropriate diagnosis for a patient with Parkinson's Disease because they are at increased risk for falls due to cardiovascular (CVS) effects such as orthostatic hypotension, which can lead to dizziness and falls. This diagnosis addresses the specific risk factor associated with Parkinson's Disease and focuses on preventing potential injuries.
Choice A, "Constipation related to dopaminergic effects," is incorrect as constipation is a common symptom in Parkinson's Disease but does not directly relate to the risk of injury.
Choice B, "Risk for injuries related to CVS effects and PVD," is incorrect because it includes peripheral vascular disease (PV
D) which is not typically associated with Parkinson's Disease.
Choice D, "Diarrhea related to dopaminergic effects," is also incorrect as diarrhea is not a common symptom or risk factor for patients with Parkinson's Disease.