ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which organ is primarily responsible for drug metabolism?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Liver. The liver is primarily responsible for drug metabolism due to its abundance of enzymes that break down drugs into metabolites. These enzymes, such as cytochrome P450, play a crucial role in drug metabolism. The liver's role in detoxification and elimination of drugs from the body further solidifies its importance in drug metabolism. Lungs (
B), heart (
C), and kidney (
D) do not play a significant role in drug metabolism compared to the liver. Lungs mainly facilitate gas exchange, the heart pumps blood, and the kidney primarily filters waste and regulates electrolytes.
Therefore, the liver stands out as the correct choice for drug metabolism.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has asthma and new prescriptions for Albuterol and Atrovent, both by nebulizer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will be sure to take the albuterol before taking the Atrovent." This is the correct statement as albuterol is a short-acting bronchodilator that opens the airways quickly, and it should be taken first to help improve breathing. Atrovent is a long-acting bronchodilator that works over a longer period. Taking albuterol first allows for immediate relief, followed by sustained bronchodilation from Atrovent. Option A is incorrect as cromolyn is not mentioned in the scenario. Option C is incorrect as the medications should be taken as prescribed, not 10 minutes apart. Option D is incorrect as medications should be taken based on their specific instructions, not immediately after exercising.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a patient who has been diagnosed with a gastric ulcer and has been prescribed an antacid. The patient demonstrates understanding when they state:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
1. Antacids contain alkaline compounds that neutralize excess stomach acid.
2. Gastric ulcers are often caused by excessive stomach acid production.
3. By neutralizing the acid, antacids help alleviate symptoms and promote ulcer healing.
4.
Choice A is incorrect as antacids do not prevent consequences of spicy foods.
5.
Choice B is incorrect as antacids do not interfere with carbohydrate digestion.
6.
Choice C is incorrect as antacids do not regulate stomach acid production.
7.
Choice D directly addresses the mechanism of action of antacids in treating gastric ulcers.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is administering codeine cough syrup to a patient for a dry cough. This medication is a Schedule V medication. Which of the following measures should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct Answer: D - Advise the patient that constipation is an adverse effect of the medication.
Rationale: Codeine, a Schedule V medication, is known to cause constipation as a common adverse effect due to its action on opioid receptors in the gut, leading to decreased bowel motility. By advising the patient about this potential side effect, the nurse can help the patient be aware and take preventive measures, such as increasing fiber intake or using stool softeners, to manage constipation.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Monitoring for addiction is not necessary for Schedule V medications like codeine, as they have a lower potential for abuse compared to higher scheduled medications.
B: Codeine does not help to thin out secretions; it is primarily used as a cough suppressant.
C: There is no known interaction between codeine and beets that would require the patient to minimize their intake.
E, F, G: Not applicable as the correct answer has been identified.
Question 5 of 5
What is the term used for a well understood drug model with which other drugs in its representative class are compared?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prototype Drug. A prototype drug is a well-understood drug model that represents a class of drugs. It serves as a reference point for comparing other drugs in the same class. This comparison helps in understanding the pharmacological properties, efficacy, and safety profiles of new drugs within the class. Antibiotics (
A) are a specific class of drugs targeting bacteria, not a general term for drug models. Pharmacologic Drug (
B) is a vague term and does not specifically refer to a well-understood model drug. Therapeutic Drug (
D) is a broad term encompassing all drugs used for treatment, not specifically a model drug within a class.