ATI RN
ATI Nur 270 Pediatrics GI GU Exam Questions
Extract:
A child with urticaria weighing 44 lbs (20 kg)
Question 1 of 5
The health care provider has prescribed diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 5 mg/kg/dose for a child with urticaria weighing 44 lbs. (20 kg). Assume this is a safe dose. The medication is supplied as 12.5 mg/5 ml. How many milliliters will the nurse administer to the child for one dose? Record your answer using a whole number.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of diphenhydramine for the child, first, we need to determine the total dose based on the weight. The child weighs 20 kg, so the total dose would be 5 mg/kg x 20 kg = 100 mg. Next, we need to convert this dose to milliliters based on the concentration. Since the medication is supplied as 12.5 mg/5 ml, we divide the total dose by the concentration: 100 mg / 12.5 mg/5 ml = 40 ml. However, the question asks for the dose in milliliters for one dose, so we need to divide this by 4 to find the dose for one dose: 40 ml / 4 = 10 ml.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: 8 ml.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not match the calculated dose based on the given information.
Extract:
A child who has a new prescription for an oral antibiotic
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to discharge a child who has a new prescription for an oral antibiotic. Which of following information should the nurse include in the discharge instructions? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, and D. A: Written information about the medication is crucial for the family to understand dosing instructions. B: Educating about the adverse effects ensures the family can monitor and report any concerning symptoms. D: Understanding the reason for the medication helps ensure compliance and effectiveness.
Choices C and E are incorrect. C: Stopping the medication when the child feels better can lead to incomplete treatment. E: Using a kitchen spoon is not recommended due to inaccurate dosing.
Extract:
A child who has sickle cell anemia after an acute crisis episode
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is discharging a child who has sickle cell anemia after an acute crisis episode. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D - Offer fluids to your child multiple times every day.
Rationale: In sickle cell anemia, hydration is crucial to prevent sickling of red blood cells and vaso-occlusive crises. Offering fluids frequently helps maintain adequate hydration, reducing the risk of painful crises.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Monitoring temperature is important but not as critical as maintaining hydration.
B: Cold compresses are not recommended for sickle cell crisis; warmth helps vasodilation.
C: Restricting outdoor play may limit physical activity, but hydration is a more critical factor in preventing crises.
Extract:
A 4-year-old child with varicella and vesicular rash in various stages of healing
Question 4 of 5
A 4-year-old child presents with varicella and vesicular rash in various stages of healing. Which statement by the parent indicates understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Once some of the lesions are crusted over, the child is not contagious. This statement indicates understanding because varicella (chickenpox) is most contagious when the rash is in the blister stage, and becomes less contagious as the lesions crust over. By recognizing this fact, the parent demonstrates knowledge of when the child is no longer considered infectious.
Choice A is incorrect because giving children's aspirin for fever during varicella can lead to a serious condition called Reye's syndrome.
Choice B is incorrect as the child should stay home until all lesions are crusted over, not just when the fever subsides.
Choice D is incorrect as sponge-bathing with cool water can be uncomfortable for the child and potentially worsen itching and irritation.
Extract:
A 9-year-old client after a bee sting, experiencing nausea and vomiting, BP 68/40 mm Hg, pulse 148 beats/minute, O2 saturation 86%, dyspneic
Question 5 of 5
A 9-year-old client presents to the emergency department after a bee sting and experiencing bouts of nausea and vomiting. The nurse notes the client's blood pressure is 68/40 mm Hg, pulse is 148 beats/minute. O2 saturation is 86%, and the child is dyspneic. Which action is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Give epinephrine. In this scenario, the client is showing signs of an anaphylactic reaction to the bee sting, such as hypotension, tachycardia, respiratory distress, and low oxygen saturation. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis as it helps to reverse the severe allergic reaction by constricting blood vessels, increasing blood pressure, and opening up the airways to improve breathing. Administering epinephrine promptly can be life-saving in such cases.
Choice A (Administer benadryl) is incorrect because while antihistamines like Benadryl can help with allergic reactions, they are not the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis.
Choice B (Apply ice to the site) is incorrect as ice will not address the systemic allergic reaction that is occurring in this case.
Choice D (Determine if the sting is in situ) is incorrect because the