ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 40-year-old patient is admitted with sharp, pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea. The nurse observes jugular venous distension and muffled heart sounds on examination. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering oxygen is the most appropriate initial action to address potential life-threatening conditions like cardiac tamponade or pulmonary embolism.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with a history of asthma is admitted to the emergency department with severe wheezing, shortness of breath, and retractions. After initial administration of albuterol via nebulizer, the patient's symptoms persist. What is the next best course of action for managing this patient's asthma exacerbation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intravenous corticosteroids are the next appropriate step to reduce inflammation in the airways and improve symptoms of asthma exacerbation.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a severe bacterial infection has been prescribed a continuous IV infusion of an antibiotic at a rate of 5 mg/kg/hour. The patient weighs 72 kg. The pharmacy provides the antibiotic in a concentration of 400 mg/100 mL what will be the infusion rate?
Correct Answer: 90 mL/hour
Rationale: The infusion rate is 90 mL/hour, calculated as 5 mg/kg/hour × 72 kg ÷ (400 mg/100 mL).
Question 4 of 5
A 30-year-old female patient presents with symptoms of dysuria, urgency, and frequency. A urinalysis is performed. Which of the following findings would most likely confirm a diagnosis of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nitrites are commonly found in the urine of patients with UTIs due to bacterial conversion of urinary nitrates to nitrites, a hallmark finding of a UTI.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is admitted to the emergency department with deep, rapid breathing, abdominal pain, and confusion. Which of the following laboratory findings would most likely confirm a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A blood glucose level of 600 mg/dL with elevated ketone levels in blood and urine confirms DKA, a life-threatening complication of Type 1 diabetes.