ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Unit 2 Exam Questions
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a child who has a suspected diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has a suspected diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. Which of the following diagnostic tests will confirm the diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, the sweat chloride test. This test is the gold standard for confirming a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. In cystic fibrosis, there is a defect in the transport of chloride ions across the epithelial cell membrane, leading to increased chloride in sweat. A high sweat chloride concentration (>60 mEq/L) is indicative of cystic fibrosis.
The other options are incorrect because:
A: A stool fat content analysis is used to assess fat malabsorption, not specific to cystic fibrosis.
C: Pulmonary function tests can assess lung function in cystic fibrosis but do not confirm the diagnosis.
D: A sputum culture can identify respiratory infections common in cystic fibrosis but does not confirm the diagnosis.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a child who was admitted with suspected rheumatic fever. The provider prescribes an anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titer.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who was admitted with suspected rheumatic fever. The provider prescribes an anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titer. The parent asks the nurse the purpose of the test. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The ASO titer test is used to confirm if the child had a recent streptococcal infection by measuring the level of antibodies produced by the body in response to the streptococcal bacteria. This is important in diagnosing rheumatic fever, as it is often preceded by a streptococcal infection.
Choice A is incorrect as the ASO titer does not measure therapeutic blood levels of aminoglycosides.
Choice B is incorrect because the test does not directly diagnose rheumatic fever, but rather indicates a recent streptococcal infection.
Choice C is incorrect as the test measures antibodies, not immunity.
Extract:
A nurse is assessing a newborn who has a coarctation of the aorta.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a newborn who has a coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following should the nurse recognize is a clinical manifestation of coarctation of the aorta?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased blood pressure in the arms with decreased blood pressure in the legs. This is due to the narrowing (coarctation) of the aorta, leading to increased pressure upstream (arms) and decreased pressure downstream (legs). Other choices are incorrect because coarctation of the aorta specifically results in this unique blood pressure pattern.
Choice A is incorrect as it describes the opposite blood pressure pattern.
Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the characteristic presentation of coarctation of the aorta.
Extract:
A nurse and a newly licensed nurse are providing care for a client who has distributive shock related to an anaphylactic reaction.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse and a newly licensed nurse are providing care for a client who has distributive shock related to an anaphylactic reaction. How should the nurse explain the pathophysiology of distributive shock to the newly licensed nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Distributive shock occurs due to systemic vasodilation. In distributive shock, there is widespread vasodilation leading to decreased systemic vascular resistance, which results in poor perfusion to vital organs. This vasodilation can be caused by various factors such as anaphylaxis, sepsis, or neurogenic shock. The loss of vascular tone leads to pooling of blood in the peripheral vasculature, reducing venous return to the heart. This results in decreased cardiac output and inadequate tissue perfusion.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Increased systemic vascular resistance (
B) is seen in conditions like cardiogenic shock, not distributive shock. Loss of blood volume (
C) typically leads to hypovolemic shock. Loss of myocardial contractility (
D) is characteristic of cardiogenic shock, where there is impaired heart function leading to decreased cardiac output.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a client who just returned from a cardiac catheterization.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who just returned from a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A, B, D, E
Rationale:
A: Having the client remain in bed up to 6 hours post-cardiac catheterization helps prevent bleeding at the insertion site.
B: Checking peripheral pulses in the affected extremity is crucial to assess for circulation and detect any signs of complications like ischemia.
D: Keeping the client's hip and leg extended helps prevent accidental movement that could disrupt the catheter insertion site.
E: Measuring vital signs every 4 hours is essential to monitor the client's condition and detect any signs of complications promptly.
Summary:
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Choice C is incorrect as placing the client in high-Fowler's position is not directly related to post-cardiac catheterization care.
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Choice F and G are not provided in the question, so they are not applicable.