ATI RN
ATI NUR 180 Pharmacology Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client that is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which of the following is a therapeutic use for glucagon (GlucaGen)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypoglycemia. Glucagon is used to treat hypoglycemia by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream, raising blood sugar levels. This is crucial in managing low blood sugar levels in clients with diabetes.
Choice A, hyperglycemia, is incorrect as glucagon is not used to treat high blood sugar levels.
Choices C and D are also incorrect as glucagon is not indicated for type 2 diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing an in-service for a group of clients with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Which of the following medications is not used to treat type 2 diabetes?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Levothyroxine. Levothyroxine is a medication used to treat hypothyroidism, not type 2 diabetes. Insulin (
A) is commonly used in type 2 diabetes when other medications fail. Metformin (
B) is a first-line medication for type 2 diabetes. Glipizide (
C) is a sulfonylurea used to lower blood sugar levels. In summary, the other choices are used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, while levothyroxine is not indicated for this condition.
Extract:
Nurses Notes
Vital Signs
The client is a 65-year-old female admitted for a urinary tract infection (UTI). She reports burning on urination, urgency, and frequency. Vital signs are stable. The client has no known drug allergies. A urine specimen was collected for culture and sensitivity testing. The primary health care provider has ordered an antibiotic to treat the infection.
A nurse is working with a client on the medical unit being treated for a bacterial infection of the urinary tract.
Exhibits
The nurse is preparing to administer the first dose of an antibiotic to a patient admitted for a urinary tract infection. Which most important action should the nurse take prior to administering the antibiotic?
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is working with a client on the medical unit being treated for a bacterial infection of the urinary tract. The nurse is preparing to administer the first dose of an antibiotic to a patient admitted for a urinary tract infection. Which most important action should the nurse take prior to administering the antibiotic?
| Administering a small test dose to determine whether hypersensitivity exists. |
| Having epinephrine available in the event of a severe hypersensitivity reaction. |
| Monitoring the client’s temperature and blood pressure. |
| Obtaining a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity. |
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: [0, 0, 0, 1, 0]
The correct answer is D: Obtaining a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity. Before administering an antibiotic for a urinary tract infection, it is crucial to obtain a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity to identify the specific bacteria causing the infection and determine the most effective antibiotic for treatment. This step ensures targeted therapy and helps prevent antibiotic resistance. Administering a small test dose is not necessary for antibiotics and may delay necessary treatment. Having epinephrine available (
B) is important for severe allergic reactions but is not the most important action before administering the antibiotic. Monitoring temperature and blood pressure (
C) is important for general assessment but does not directly impact the choice of antibiotic.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with cervical cancer. What type of genes can cause cancer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Proto-oncogenes can mutate into oncogenes, leading to uncontrolled cell growth. Tumor suppressor genes regulate cell division and repair DNA damage. DNA repair genes help maintain genomic integrity. Option A is incorrect because tumor enhancer genes are not generally recognized in cancer development. Option B is incorrect as genes are implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Option C is incorrect as DNA repair genes are essential in preventing cancer.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client that is newly diagnosed with hypertension. The client noted that the provider will prescribe a medication to treat angina and hypertension. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nifedipine. Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker commonly used to treat both hypertension and angina by relaxing blood vessels and reducing the workload of the heart. It helps lower blood pressure and improve blood flow to the heart muscle. Digoxin (
B) is used to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation, not hypertension. Heparin (
C) is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clots, not for hypertension. Captopril (
D) is an ACE inhibitor used for hypertension, but it is not typically prescribed for angina.