ATI RN
ATI N211 Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a continuous IV infusion of dopamine. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased urine output. Dopamine is a medication commonly used to improve renal perfusion and increase urine output in clients with low blood pressure or renal insufficiency. Dopamine dilates renal blood vessels, leading to increased blood flow to the kidneys and subsequently increased urine output. The other choices are incorrect because dopamine typically does not directly affect dysrhythmias (choice
A), pulse rate (choice
C), or blood pressure (choice
D) in a therapeutic manner.
Therefore, the nurse should recognize increased urine output as the desired therapeutic effect of dopamine infusion in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a coronary care unit is admitting a client who has had CPR following a cardiac arrest. The client is receiving lidocaine IV at 2 mg/min. When the client asks the nurse why he is receiving that medication, the nurse should explain that it has which of the following actions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prevents dysrhythmias. Lidocaine is a class Ib antiarrhythmic medication commonly used to treat and prevent ventricular dysrhythmias. It works by stabilizing the cardiac cell membrane and reducing the automaticity of the ventricular muscle, thus preventing abnormal heart rhythms. The other choices are incorrect because lidocaine does not dissolve blood clots (
B), slow intestinal motility (
C), or relieve pain (
D). It is important for the nurse to educate the client on the purpose of the medication to ensure understanding and compliance with the treatment plan.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypercholesterolemia and is receiving simvastatin. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Muscle weakness. Simvastatin, a statin medication used to lower cholesterol, can cause muscle weakness as a potential adverse effect. This is due to the medication's impact on muscle cells, leading to muscle breakdown. This condition is known as rhabdomyolysis and can be serious. Blurred vision (
A), orthostatic hypotension (
C), and urinary retention (
D) are not commonly associated with simvastatin use. Blurred vision is more commonly linked to other medications, orthostatic hypotension can be seen with antihypertensive medications, and urinary retention is not a typical side effect of statins.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is on warfarin therapy for atrial fibrillation. The client's INR is 5.2. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vitamin K. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting Vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. When a patient's INR is high (like in this case with an INR of 5.2), it indicates that the blood is too thin and there is an increased risk of bleeding. Administering Vitamin K helps to reverse the effects of warfarin by replenishing Vitamin K levels and promoting the clotting process to bring the INR back to the therapeutic range.
Atropine (
A) is a medication used to treat bradycardia, not related to warfarin therapy. Epinephrine (
C) is a medication used for severe allergic reactions or cardiac arrest, not related to warfarin therapy. Protamine (
D) is used to reverse the effects of heparin, not warfarin.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Do not use salt substitutes while taking this medication. This instruction is crucial because captopril can cause hyperkalemia when used with salt substitutes containing potassium. This can result in serious health complications.
Choice B is incorrect because captopril is usually taken on an empty stomach.
Choice C is not directly related to captopril and is not necessary for its administration.
Choice D is incorrect because weight gain is not a common side effect of captopril.