ATI RN
ATI N211 Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a provider's clinic is caring for a client who reports erectile dysfunction and requests a prescription for sildenafil. Which of the following medications currently prescribed for the client is a contraindication to taking sildenafil?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Isosorbide. Isosorbide is a nitrate medication used to treat angina by dilating blood vessels, which can lead to a severe drop in blood pressure when combined with sildenafil, a medication for erectile dysfunction that also causes vasodilation. This combination can result in a dangerous decrease in blood pressure, potentially leading to fainting or even a heart attack. Phenytoin, prednisone, and metronidazole do not have significant interactions with sildenafil.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed warfarin therapy for an artificial heart valve. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor for a therapeutic effect of warfarin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prothrombin time (PT). Warfarin is a medication that works by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, leading to anticoagulation. PT measures the extrinsic pathway of coagulation, which is directly affected by warfarin. By monitoring PT, the nurse can assess the therapeutic effect of warfarin in maintaining the client's blood at the desired level of anticoagulation.
A: Hemoglobin (Hgb) is not directly related to the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.
C: Bleeding time is a measure of platelet function, not affected by warfarin.
D: Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) primarily assesses the intrinsic pathway of coagulation and is not the preferred test for monitoring warfarin therapy.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has hypertension and a prescription change from metoprolol to metoprolol/hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because adding hydrochlorothiazide to metoprolol can reduce side effects like fluid retention.
Choice A is incorrect as diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide can lead to weight loss, not eliminate the need to diet.
Choice B is incorrect because the additional drug does not necessarily mean a stronger dose.
Choice D is incorrect as the addition of hydrochlorothiazide does require a change in management due to its diuretic effects.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer metoprolol 5 mg IV bolus to a client for heart rate control. Available is metoprolol injection 1 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 5 mL.
To calculate the mL needed for a 5 mg dose of metoprolol, divide the desired dose (5 mg) by the concentration of the medication (1 mg/mL). 5 mg / 1 mg/mL = 5 mL. This ensures the nurse administers the correct dose.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately calculate the mL needed for a 5 mg dose of metoprolol.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer lidocaine 50 mg IV bolus. Available is lidocaine 200 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0.25 mL.
To calculate the mL of lidocaine to administer, use the formula: Desired dose (50 mg) / Stock concentration (200 mg/mL) = Volume to administer (X mL). Substituting the values, 50 mg / 200 mg/mL = X. Solving for X, we get X = 0.25 mL. This calculation ensures precise dosing accuracy.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the calculated result. It's crucial to follow the formula to prevent medication errors.