ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Exam 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is obtaining a medical history from a client who is to start warfarin therapy and currently uses herbal supplements at home. The nurse should inform the client that which of the following herbal supplements can interact adversely with warfarin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: Feverfew can interact adversely with warfarin as it has antiplatelet and anticoagulant effects, potentially increasing the risk of bleeding. Black cohosh, echinacea, and flaxseed do not have significant interactions with warfarin. Summary: A, B, and D are incorrect choices as they do not have known interactions with warfarin.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a coronary care unit is admitting a client who has had CPR following a cardiac arrest. The client is receiving lidocaine IV at 2 mg/min. When the client asks the nurse why he is receiving that medication, the nurse should explain that it has which of the following actions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prevents dysrhythmias. Lidocaine is commonly used in the management of dysrhythmias, particularly ventricular arrhythmias. It works by stabilizing the cardiac cell membrane, preventing abnormal electrical activity that can lead to life-threatening rhythms.
Choice B (Relieves pain) is incorrect as lidocaine is not used for pain relief in this context.
Choice C (Dissolves blood clots) is incorrect as lidocaine does not have anticoagulant properties.
Choice D (Slows intestinal motility) is incorrect as lidocaine does not affect intestinal motility.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who took 3 nitroglycerin tablets sublingually for chest pain. The client reports relief from the chest pain but now he is experiencing a headache. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A headache is an expected adverse effect of the medication. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator commonly used to relieve chest pain in conditions like angina. Headache is a known side effect of nitroglycerin due to its vasodilatory effects, which can cause dilation of cerebral blood vessels leading to headaches.
Choice A is incorrect as the headache is likely a direct result of the medication, not anxiety.
Choice B is incorrect as a headache does not indicate tolerance to the medication but rather a side effect.
Choice D is incorrect as a headache is not typically an indication of an allergy to nitroglycerin.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide for management of hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Monitor for leg cramps. Leg cramps can be a side effect of hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic commonly used for hypertension. By instructing the client to monitor for leg cramps, the nurse is promoting early detection and management of this potential adverse reaction. This instruction is crucial for the client's safety and well-being.
A: Reduce intake of potassium-rich foods is incorrect because hydrochlorothiazide can lead to potassium loss, so the client may actually need to increase potassium-rich foods or take supplements.
B: Avoid grapefruit juice is incorrect as grapefruit juice interactions are more common with other medications, not typically with hydrochlorothiazide.
C: Take this medication before bedtime is incorrect because hydrochlorothiazide is usually taken in the morning to avoid frequent urination during sleep.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a unit of packed RBCs following surgery. Which of the following assessments is an indication that the client might be experiencing a hemolytic reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dyspnea. Hemolytic reaction occurs when the recipient's antibodies attack the transfused RBCs, leading to their destruction. Dyspnea may indicate a severe reaction due to the release of hemoglobin breakdown products, causing respiratory distress. Vomiting (
A) is more indicative of a gastrointestinal issue. Flushing (
B) can be a sign of an allergic reaction. Hypotension (
D) may occur in various transfusion reactions but is not specific to hemolysis.