ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer epinephrine IM. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic reactions as it helps to reverse the symptoms rapidly by constricting blood vessels and relaxing airway muscles. It is crucial in preventing further complications such as severe respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse. Giving diphenhydramine (choice
A) can help with itching or hives but is not as effective in treating the life-threatening symptoms of anaphylaxis. Elevating the client's legs and feet (choice
B) is not the priority in this emergency situation. Replacing the infusion with 0.9% sodium chloride (choice
D) does not address the immediate need to counteract the anaphylactic reaction.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression. Oxycodone is an opioid that acts on the central nervous system, specifically the brainstem, to depress the respiratory center. This results in decreased respiratory rate. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because oxycodone does not directly affect cranial arteries, sodium channels, or prostaglandin synthesis in a way that would lead to respiratory depression. Option E is blank, but it would likely be incorrect as well since the correct answer is related to the central nervous system.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record for a client who has cancer and is receiving morphine via a PCA pump. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should clarify the prescription for Nalbuphine with the provider because it is an opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic and could potentially interact with morphine, leading to decreased analgesic effects or increased risk of side effects like respiratory depression. Ondansetron (
A) is commonly used for nausea and vomiting, Insulin glargine (
C) for diabetes, and Acetaminophen (
D) for pain relief, but they do not have significant interactions with morphine.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Elevated hematocrit level. When a client is experiencing fluid volume deficit, there is a decrease in circulating blood volume, leading to hemoconcentration. This results in an elevated hematocrit level due to the increased concentration of red blood cells in the blood. A weight gain (
B) would be indicative of fluid volume excess rather than deficit. Shortness of breath (
C) and distended neck veins (
D) are signs of fluid volume overload, not deficit.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking phenelzine and reports eating aged cheese. Which of the following is a manifestation of an interaction between the medication and the food?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can interact with tyramine-rich foods like aged cheese, leading to a hypertensive crisis. Tyramine can displace norepinephrine from nerve terminals, causing a sudden release of norepinephrine, resulting in increased blood pressure. Options B, C, and D are incorrect as they are not typically associated with MAOI and tyramine interaction. Diarrhea is more commonly seen with other medications. Bradycardia is not a typical manifestation of this interaction. Somnolence is a common side effect of phenelzine but not specifically related to the interaction with aged cheese.