ATI Pediatrics Exam NURS 243 Spring 2014

Extract:

School with a large proportion of minority and underprivileged students.

Question 1 of 5

The school-based nurse is working with the local school district to promote health and wellness in a school with a large proportion of minority and underprivileged students. Which of the following will be included in the planning?

A. Adding a school breakfast program.B. Reducing saturated fat in the school lunch offering.C. Calorically sweetened beverages.D. Making fruits or vegetables available with all meals.E. Offering after school physical fitness activities.

Correct Answer: A,B,D,E

Rationale: The correct answer includes A, B, D, and E. A school breakfast program (
A) helps ensure students have a nutritious start to the day. Reducing saturated fat (
B) promotes heart health. Making fruits or vegetables available with all meals (
D) encourages a balanced diet. Offering after-school physical fitness activities (E) promotes physical health.
Choice C, calorically sweetened beverages, is not included as it promotes unhealthy sugar intake.

Extract:

A 10-month-old infant.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is teaching parents of a 10-month-old infant about home safety. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

A. Keep plastic bags and plastic grocery bags in a secure place.B. Serve food in small pieces no larger than a cheerio.C. Lower the crib rails to the lowest level.D. Set the water heater to 65°C.E. Use plastic covers on all electrical outlets.

Correct Answer: A,B,E

Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A, B, E

Rationale:
A: Keeping plastic bags and grocery bags in a secure place prevents the infant from suffocation.
B: Serving food in small pieces prevents choking hazards as infants have limited chewing abilities.
E: Using plastic covers on electrical outlets prevents electrical shock accidents.

Summary:
C: Lowering crib rails to the lowest level may not be necessary for a 10-month-old infant.
D: Setting the water heater to 65°C may be too low to prevent scalding burns.
Thus, choices C and D are not essential for home safety for a 10-month-old infant.

Extract:

A 3-year-old child with moderate dehydration.

Question 3 of 5

A 3-year-old child is admitted to a pediatric unit with moderate dehydration. The nurse would expect to see which of the following assessment findings in this child?

A. Pulse of 160, oliguria, sunken fontanels, and an admission weight of 30 lbs.B. Pulse of 180, furrowed tongue, mottled skin, and an admission weight of 28 lbs.C. Pulse of 120, dry mucous membranes, pale, and an admission weight of 30.2 lbs.D. Pulse of 150, poor skin turgor, oliguria, and an admission weight of 29.5 lbs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. A 3-year-old with moderate dehydration will have a pulse slightly elevated, poor skin turgor, decreased urine output, and a weight loss. A pulse of 150 is slightly elevated due to dehydration. Poor skin turgor indicates dehydration, as the skin does not return to normal position when pinched. Oliguria is a sign of decreased fluid intake/output. A weight loss of 29.5 lbs suggests dehydration.

Choices A, B, and C have more severe symptoms such as very high pulse, furrowed tongue, mottled skin, dry mucous membranes, and lower weight, which are indicative of severe dehydration.

Extract:

A child with asthma prescribed an albuterol inhaler with a spacer.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse is caring for a child with asthma who is prescribed to use an albuterol inhaler with a spacer. The parents ask how albuterol helps the child's breathing. Which of the following responses will the nurse include?

A. The medication is a bronchodilator, which opens airways.B. The medication will thin the child's mucus.C. The medication will reduce wheezing.D. The medication will decrease coughing and shortness of breath.E. The medication is a steroid, which reduces inflammation.

Correct Answer: A,C,D

Rationale: The correct answer is A, C, D. Albuterol is a bronchodilator that works by opening the airways, reducing wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath in asthma. This medication does not thin mucus (
B) or contain steroids (E). The rationale behind the correct answer is that bronchodilators like albuterol act on the muscles surrounding the airways, causing them to relax and open up, allowing the child to breathe easier. Reducing wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath are all direct effects of the bronchodilator action.
Therefore, the correct answer provides a comprehensive explanation of how albuterol helps the child's breathing, while the other choices offer incorrect information that does not align with the mechanism of action of albuterol.

Extract:

A year-old child with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and is distressed.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is caring for a year-old child who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and is distressed. The nurse recognizes that which of the following therapeutic actions will help improve the child's cooperation?

A. A period of play in the playroom.B. A needleless syringe and a doll.C. A storybook about a cat who has diabetes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a storybook about a cat with diabetes can help the child understand the condition in a non-threatening way and make them feel less alone. This can reduce fear and anxiety, leading to improved cooperation.
Choice A may provide a distraction but does not address the child's understanding of the condition.
Choice B may help the child become familiar with medical equipment but does not address emotional distress.

Choices D, E, F, and G do not provide any therapeutic value in this context.

ATI Pediatrics Exam NURS 243 Spring 2014 | Nurselytic

Nurselytic

ATI RN

ATI RN