ATI RN
ATI NUR 229 Pharmacology Test 1 OEK Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who asks how albuterol helps his breathing. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: The correct responses are C and D. Albuterol is a bronchodilator that works by opening the airways (choice
C) to make breathing easier for clients with conditions such as asthma or COPD. This mechanism helps alleviate symptoms like wheezing (choice
D) by allowing more air to flow in and out of the lungs.
Choices A, B, and E are incorrect as albuterol does not directly address coughing episodes, mucus flow, or inflammation.
Therefore, the nurse should explain to the client that albuterol helps by opening the airways to improve breathing and prevent wheezing.
Question 2 of 5
A client with diabetes mellitus is being admitted to the hospital for surgery. The client has been taking Glucocorticoids (Prednisone) long-term for uncontrolled COPD. Which of the following must the nurse consider when she is obtaining a health history?
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A, C, D
Rationale:
A: Long-term glucocorticoid use can suppress the adrenal glands, leading to adrenal insufficiency if abruptly stopped.
C: Glucocorticoids suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections with long-term use.
D: Glucocorticoids can lead to hyperglycemia and exacerbate blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.
Summary:
B: Low blood pressure is not a common concern related to long-term glucocorticoid use.
E: Pain levels are not directly correlated with long-term glucocorticoid use.
F, G: No information provided to support these options.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed diphenhydramine to relieve pruritus. The client asks the nurse how he can minimize the daytime sedation he is experiencing. Which of the following responses should the nurse give?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Take most of the daily dose at bedtime. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine known to cause sedation. Taking the majority of the dose at bedtime can help minimize daytime sedation by allowing the sedative effects to occur during sleep. This ensures the client can rest undisturbed by sedation during the day. Distributing doses evenly (
A) may not effectively reduce daytime sedation as it would maintain a consistent level of the drug in the system throughout the day, potentially prolonging sedation. Gradually decreasing the dose once tolerance is reached (
B) may help reduce overall sedation but may not specifically address minimizing daytime sedation. Taking the medication with meals (
C) may help with gastrointestinal side effects but will not directly impact daytime sedation.
Question 4 of 5
A pregnant patient asks the nurse if she can take antihistamines for seasonal allergies during her pregnancy. What will the nurse tell the patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Second-generation antihistamines are safer than first-generation antihistamines. Second-generation antihistamines, such as loratadine and cetirizine, are preferred in pregnancy due to their lower risk of causing sedation and adverse effects compared to first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine. They have been studied more extensively in pregnant women and have a better safety profile.
Choice A is incorrect because the safety of antihistamines in pregnancy is not completely understood.
Choice C is incorrect as some antihistamines are safe during pregnancy, not just when breastfeeding.
Choice D is incorrect as antihistamines are generally safe in pregnancy, but caution is advised in the third trimester.
Question 5 of 5
A 26-year-old female is brought to the emergency department while having an asthma attack. She is given a nebulizer treatment with the medication albuterol. The nurse's immediate assessment priority would be to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because monitoring the patient's respiratory rate and SpO2 with a pulse oximeter is crucial during an asthma attack. This assessment helps determine the effectiveness of the nebulizer treatment and the patient's oxygenation status. Rapid assessment of respiratory distress is essential in managing asthma attacks.
Choice A is incorrect because determining the time of the patient's last meal is not the immediate priority during an asthma attack.
Choice B is incorrect because while monitoring temperature and blood pressure is important, assessing respiratory function takes precedence during an asthma attack.
Choice D is incorrect because providing education on asthma management and treatment can be done after stabilizing the patient's condition and addressing the immediate respiratory distress.