ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical 2 Final 2024 Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who is to begin taking tamoxifen to treat breast cancer. The nurse should instruct the client to expect which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hot flashes are a common adverse effect of tamoxifen due to its antiestrogenic effects.
Question 2 of 5
A staff nurse is teaching a client who has Addison's disease about the disease process. The client asks the nurse what causes Addison's disease. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Addison's disease is indeed caused by the lack of production of hormones by the adrenal glands, particularly cortisol and aldosterone. Aldosterone helps to maintain blood pressure and the balance of sodium and potassium in the blood. When the adrenal glands do not produce enough aldosterone, it can lead to symptoms such as low blood pressure and salt cravings, which are characteristic of Addison's disease.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Drinking adequate fluids, especially water, is one of the most effective ways to prevent kidney stones. Fluids dilute the substances in urine that lead to stones. For someone with a history of kidney stones, drinking about 3 liters of water each day can help prevent stone formation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy to treat lung cancer. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Xerostomia is a common side effect of radiation therapy near salivary glands, impacting speech, eating, and dental health. Generalized urticaria is not typical, and while monitoring hemoglobin and infection is important, they are not specific to radiation therapy effects.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has prostate cancer. Which of the following manifestations does the nurse attribute to the advancing disease process?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood in the urine (hematuria) or semen (hematospermia) can be a sign of advanced prostate cancer. This symptom occurs when the cancer affects the urinary or reproductive tracts, causing bleeding. It is a direct result of the tumor invading nearby tissues or structures. While anemia can be associated with chronic diseases like cancer, it is not a direct manifestation of the advancing disease process of prostate cancer. Anemia in cancer patients is often multifactorial, including chronic inflammation, nutritional deficiencies, or treatment-related side effects. A dark-colored or elevated lesion is not typically associated with prostate cancer. Such lesions are more commonly related to skin cancers or other dermatological conditions. An enlarged liver or gallbladder can be a sign of metastasis in advanced cancer cases, including prostate cancer. However, it is less specific than blood in the urine or semen and can be caused by a variety of other conditions.