ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client currently taking a combination birth control pill for contraception prevention. Which adverse effect would the nurse closely monitor for associated with this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Thromboembolism. Combination birth control pills contain estrogen and progestin, which can increase the risk of blood clots leading to thromboembolism. The nurse should closely monitor for signs such as leg pain, swelling, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Thromboembolism is a serious adverse effect that requires immediate medical attention.
Incorrect choices:
B: Hypertension - While birth control pills can sometimes cause a slight increase in blood pressure, thromboembolism is a more severe and life-threatening concern.
C: Headaches - Headaches are a common side effect of birth control pills but do not pose the same level of risk as thromboembolism.
D: Osteoporosis - Osteoporosis is not a common adverse effect of combination birth control pills. It is more commonly associated with long-term steroid use or other conditions.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is at risk for skin breakdown. Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to help maintain the integrity of the client's skin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide the client with a diet high in protein. Protein is essential for tissue repair and skin integrity. Adequate protein intake helps in the formation of collagen, which is crucial for skin strength and elasticity. This intervention supports the healing and prevention of skin breakdown in older adults. Repositioning the client every 3 hours (
B) is important to prevent pressure ulcers but not directly related to maintaining skin integrity. Massaging bony prominences (
C) can actually cause skin breakdown in fragile skin. Applying cornstarch (
D) can lead to moisture buildup, increasing the risk of skin breakdown.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has an infection. The nurse should use which of the following strategies to prevent the transmission of the client's infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Answer D is correct because performing hand hygiene before, during, and after direct contact with the client is a key infection control measure. Hand hygiene helps prevent the spread of infection from the client to others and vice versa. Encouraging a high-protein diet (
A) is important for the client's nutrition but does not directly prevent transmission. Changing bed linens daily (
B) is essential for cleanliness but does not specifically target transmission prevention. Placing the client in a room with positive-pressure airflow (
C) may be appropriate for certain conditions but does not address direct transmission prevention like hand hygiene does.
Question 4 of 5
A client presents to the clinic with intense itching at night and is diagnosed with Pinworms. The nurse anticipates the client would be placed on which medication to treat this condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Mebendazole (Vermox). Mebendazole is an anthelmintic medication commonly used to treat pinworm infections. It works by preventing the worms from absorbing sugars necessary for their survival, ultimately killing them. Zidovudine (
A) is an antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV, not pinworms. Lanoxin (
B) is a cardiac medication used for heart conditions, not parasitic infections. Ciprofloxacin (
D) is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections, not parasitic infections.
Therefore, Mebendazole is the appropriate choice for treating pinworms due to its mechanism of action against the parasites.
Question 5 of 5
A 55-year-old woman who recently reached menopause and has a family history of osteoporosis is diagnosed with osteopenia following a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). During your teaching, you should explain that:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
1. Increasing calcium intake helps maintain bone density, crucial in osteopenia.
2. Weight-bearing exercises stimulate bone growth and reduce calcium loss.
3. These interventions can slow the progression of osteopenia to osteoporosis.
4. Estrogen replacement only recommended for specific cases due to side effects.
5. Family history doesn't preclude prevention efforts.
6. Corticosteroid treatment can actually contribute to bone density loss.