ATI RN
ATI nsg 133 Mental Health Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for an adolescent client diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), who is prescribed methylphenidate (Ritalin) therapy. The client reports and questions the nurse why they have lost 10 pounds in 2-months. Which of the following should be the appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The pharmacological action of Ritalin causes a decrease in appetite. Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is a stimulant medication commonly prescribed for ADHD, which can suppress appetite as a side effect. This is due to the drug's impact on the central nervous system, leading to reduced feelings of hunger. The nurse should explain to the client that the weight loss is likely a result of the medication's effect on appetite, rather than other factors.
Choice B is incorrect because while nausea can be a side effect of Ritalin, it is not the primary reason for weight loss in this case.
Choice C is incorrect as increased ability to concentrate does not directly lead to weight loss.
Choice D is incorrect as hyperactivity in ADHD typically does not result in significant weight loss due to increased caloric expenditure.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing a client's medication list. Which medication has been indicated for improvement in cognitive functioning in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Galantamine (Razadyne). Galantamine is a cholinesterase inhibitor that is indicated for improving cognitive functioning in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. It works by increasing the levels of acetylcholine in the brain, which helps with memory and cognition. Clozapine (
A) and Olanzapine (
C) are antipsychotic medications used for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Sertraline (
D) is an antidepressant commonly used for depression, anxiety disorders, and OCD.
Therefore, they are not indicated for Alzheimer's disease.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a nursing student about secondary Neurocognitive Disorders. Which of the following are the causes of secondary Neurocognitive Disorders? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The correct causes of secondary Neurocognitive Disorders are B, C, and D. Cerebral trauma (
B) can lead to brain damage, resulting in cognitive impairments. Fever (
C) can cause delirium and cognitive decline. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (
D) can lead to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Contracture (
A) is a musculoskeletal issue, not related to neurocognitive disorders. Huntington's disease (E) is a genetic disorder causing neurodegeneration, not a secondary cause.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is being admitted to the hospital with a neurocognitive disease due to Alzheimer's disease. Which action by the nurse is the priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensuring that the client environment is safe to prevent injury. The priority in caring for a client with a neurocognitive disease like Alzheimer's is to ensure their safety. Clients with Alzheimer's are at a higher risk of accidents and injuries due to impaired cognition and memory. By ensuring a safe environment, the nurse can prevent falls, wandering, and other potential hazards that could harm the client. This action takes precedence over the other options because safety is paramount in providing care for individuals with neurocognitive diseases.
A: Ensuring ADLs is important but safety takes precedence for a client with Alzheimer's.
C: Food preferences are important for comfort but not as critical as ensuring safety.
D: Social interaction is beneficial, but safety is the priority for a client with Alzheimer's.
Question 5 of 5
A 9-year-old client with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) has been referred to a child psychologist due to frequent outbursts and defiant behavior at home and school. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize to help manage the child's behavior effectively?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Put into practice consistent consequences for rule-breaking behavior. This intervention is crucial for managing behavior in children with ODD as it establishes clear boundaries and expectations, promoting accountability and teaching the child about cause and effect. Consistent consequences help the child understand the repercussions of their actions, leading to better self-regulation and behavioral control.
Choice A is incorrect because using physical restraints can escalate aggression and trauma in the child, making the situation worse.
Choice B is incorrect as challenging chores may overwhelm the child and worsen their behavior.
Choice C is incorrect as encouraging solitary play may isolate the child further and hinder social skill development.
In summary, prioritizing consistent consequences for rule-breaking behavior is essential in managing a child with ODD as it promotes accountability and teaches appropriate behavior, while the other choices may exacerbate the child's behavior issues.