ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Exam Special Unit ADN Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing to assess the blood pressure of a 3-year-old. How should the nurse proceed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Answer A is correct because it is essential to explain the procedure to the child to gain their cooperation and reduce anxiety. This approach helps establish trust and ensures a more accurate blood pressure reading.
Choice B is incorrect because the cuff size should be selected based on the child's arm size, not the label.
Choice C is incorrect as the bell, not the diaphragm, should be used to detect Korotkoff sounds.
Choice D is incorrect because it is important for the child to settle down to obtain an accurate reading.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months states that a new, persistent dry cough is very bothersome. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE) inhibitors. ACE inhibitors, such as lisinopril, are known to cause a persistent dry cough as an adverse effect due to increased bradykinin levels. Bradykinin is a substance in the body that can lead to coughing when elevated. This adverse effect is unique to ACE inhibitors and not commonly seen with other antihypertensive drug classes.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Calcium channel blockers do not typically cause a dry cough.
B: Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) do not affect bradykinin levels and are not associated with a dry cough.
D: Beta-blockers are not known to cause a dry cough as an adverse effect.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse auscultates heart sounds. When the nurse hears S2, which valves is the nurse hearing close?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Aortic and Pulmonic. When the nurse hears S2 during auscultation, it indicates the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves at the end of systole. This closure produces the second heart sound. The aortic valve closes first followed by the pulmonic valve. The closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves occurs during S1, the first heart sound.
Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they involve the mitral valve, which is not associated with S2.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse auscultates heart sounds. When the nurse hears S2, which valves is the nurse hearing close?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Aortic and Pulmonic. S2 represents the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves during the cardiac cycle. After the ventricles contract, the aortic and pulmonic valves close to prevent the backflow of blood into the ventricles. The other choices are incorrect because S2 specifically corresponds to the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves, not the mitral or tricuspid valves. Option A (Aortic and Mitral) is incorrect because the mitral valve closes during S1, not S2. Option B (Mitral and Pulmonic) is incorrect because the pulmonic valve closes during S2, but the mitral valve does not. Option C (Mitral and Tricuspid) is incorrect because the tricuspid valve closes during S1, not S2.
Question 5 of 5
Which action should the nurse take when using critical thinking to make clinical decisions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Consider what is important in any given situation. This is because critical thinking involves analyzing all aspects of a situation, weighing different factors, and making decisions based on what is most relevant and significant at that moment. By considering what is important, the nurse can prioritize care, anticipate potential outcomes, and make well-informed clinical decisions.
A: Following health care provider's orders without critical thinking may not always be in the best interest of the patient.
B: Accepting one established way to provide care limits flexibility and adaptability in complex situations.
C: Relying solely on intuition may lead to biased or emotional decision-making without considering all relevant factors.