ATI RN
ATI Paediatrics exam 1 simmons U BSN Questions
Extract:
Child with hemophilia experiencing a minor bleeding episode
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a parent of a child who has hemophilia how to control a minor bleeding episode. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D. The parent indicating they will apply heat indicates a need for further teaching. Heat can exacerbate bleeding by dilating blood vessels. The correct actions are to have the child rest, compress the site to promote clotting, and elevate the affected part to reduce blood flow to the area, aiding in clot formation. Applying heat can worsen the bleeding and should be avoided in cases of hemophilia.
Extract:
3-year-old child with aortic stenosis
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child who has aortic stenosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: The correct answers are B, D, and E. Aortic stenosis in a child may present with a murmur due to turbulent blood flow across the narrowed aortic valve. Weak pulses can be expected due to decreased cardiac output, and hypotension may result from the heart's inability to pump effectively. Bradycardia is less likely as the body compensates by increasing heart rate. Clubbing of the nail beds is not typically associated with aortic stenosis in children.
Extract:
6-week-old infant with pyloric stenosis
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 6-week-old infant who has a pyloric stenosis. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Projectile vomiting. Pyloric stenosis causes obstruction at the outlet of the stomach, leading to forceful and projectile vomiting. This occurs shortly after feeding due to the stomach being unable to empty properly. Distended neck veins (
A) are not a typical manifestation of pyloric stenosis. Red currant jelly stools (
B) are associated with intussusception. A ridged abdomen (
C) is not a common finding with pyloric stenosis. In summary, the key feature of pyloric stenosis is projectile vomiting, making it the correct choice.
Extract:
Adolescent post-cardiac catheterization with changes in right femoral area
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent following a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse report to the provider? Select the 4 findings that the nurse should report to the provider.
Correct Answer: A,E,F,G
Rationale: The correct answer includes reporting the right lower extremity color and warmth, pulses of the right extremity, pressure dressing, and pain to the provider. These findings are crucial post-cardiac catheterization to monitor for potential complications like vascular compromise, bleeding, and pain. Changes in extremity color and warmth could indicate decreased perfusion or blood flow, abnormal pulses could suggest vascular issues, a dislodged clot, or arterial spasm, the pressure dressing should be monitored for signs of bleeding or hematoma, and pain could indicate vascular compromise or other complications. Monitoring blood pressure, respiratory rate, and adolescent's position are important but not the priority in this scenario. Reporting these findings promptly ensures timely intervention and prevents further complications.
Extract:
Child with sickle cell anemia, normal hemoglobin at birth, now has hemoglobin S
Question 5 of 5
A mother with sickle anemia asks the nurse why her child's hemoglobin was normal at birth and now the child has the S hemoglobin (sickle cell). Which of the following is an appropriate response from the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because at birth, newborns have a high concentration of fetal hemoglobin in their blood, which gradually decreases and is replaced by adult hemoglobin. In the case of sickle cell anemia, the normal fetal hemoglobin is gradually replaced by abnormal S hemoglobin, leading to the manifestation of the disease. This process explains why the child's hemoglobin was normal at birth but later changed to S hemoglobin.
Choice A is incorrect because the bone marrow does produce hemoglobin, including the abnormal S hemoglobin in individuals with sickle cell anemia.
Choice B is incorrect because the placenta does not prevent the passage of hemoglobin S from the mother to the fetus, as it is a genetic condition inherited from the parents.
Choice C is incorrect because antibodies transmitted from the mother do not play a role in the development of sickle cell anemia.
Overall, the correct answer provides a clear and logical explanation for the change in hemoglobin type in the child with sick