ATI RN
ATI Paediatrics exam 1 simmons U BSN Questions
Extract:
Children with ß-thalassemia major
Question 1 of 5
The therapeutic management of children with ß-thalassemia major consists primarily of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Blood transfusions and chelation therapy. Children with β-thalassemia major require regular blood transfusions to manage their anemia. Chelation therapy is essential to remove excess iron from the body due to the iron overload from transfusions. Immunizations (
A) are important but not the primary management. Adequate hydration (
B) is necessary but not the primary therapy. Oxygen therapy (
C) may be needed in some cases but is not the primary management for thalassemia major.
Extract:
Child with hemophilia experiencing a minor bleeding episode
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a parent of a child who has hemophilia how to control a minor bleeding episode. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D. The parent indicating they will apply heat indicates a need for further teaching. Heat can exacerbate bleeding by dilating blood vessels. The correct actions are to have the child rest, compress the site to promote clotting, and elevate the affected part to reduce blood flow to the area, aiding in clot formation. Applying heat can worsen the bleeding and should be avoided in cases of hemophilia.
Extract:
Child post-tonsillectomy
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a child for manifestations of hemorrhage following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of this postoperative complication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Frequent swallowing. Post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage can present with frequent swallowing due to blood pooling in the mouth, causing the child to swallow frequently. This can indicate active bleeding and should be reported immediately. Mouth breathing (
A) may be due to nasal congestion or airway obstruction, not necessarily hemorrhage. Reports of pain (
C) are expected postoperatively but not specific to hemorrhage. Reports of thirst (
D) may indicate dehydration but not directly related to hemorrhage.
Extract:
6-week-old infant with pyloric stenosis
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 6-week-old infant who has a pyloric stenosis. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Projectile vomiting. Pyloric stenosis causes obstruction at the outlet of the stomach, leading to forceful and projectile vomiting. This occurs shortly after feeding due to the stomach being unable to empty properly. Distended neck veins (
A) are not a typical manifestation of pyloric stenosis. Red currant jelly stools (
B) are associated with intussusception. A ridged abdomen (
C) is not a common finding with pyloric stenosis. In summary, the key feature of pyloric stenosis is projectile vomiting, making it the correct choice.
Extract:
Child with sickle cell anemia, normal hemoglobin at birth, now has hemoglobin S
Question 5 of 5
A mother with sickle anemia asks the nurse why her child's hemoglobin was normal at birth and now the child has the S hemoglobin (sickle cell). Which of the following is an appropriate response from the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because at birth, newborns have a high concentration of fetal hemoglobin in their blood, which gradually decreases and is replaced by adult hemoglobin. In the case of sickle cell anemia, the normal fetal hemoglobin is gradually replaced by abnormal S hemoglobin, leading to the manifestation of the disease. This process explains why the child's hemoglobin was normal at birth but later changed to S hemoglobin.
Choice A is incorrect because the bone marrow does produce hemoglobin, including the abnormal S hemoglobin in individuals with sickle cell anemia.
Choice B is incorrect because the placenta does not prevent the passage of hemoglobin S from the mother to the fetus, as it is a genetic condition inherited from the parents.
Choice C is incorrect because antibodies transmitted from the mother do not play a role in the development of sickle cell anemia.
Overall, the correct answer provides a clear and logical explanation for the change in hemoglobin type in the child with sick