ATI RN
ATI Adult Medical Surgical 2019 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client and their partner about performing peritoneal dialysis at home. When discussing peritonitis, which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as the earliest indication of this complication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cloudy effluent is the earliest sign of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis, indicating infection. Increased heart rate, abdominal pain, and fever appear later.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal failure. The client displays the following ABG results: pH 7.24, PaCO2 44 mm Hg, PaO2 84 mm Hg, HCO3 18 mEq/L, base excess -2, and O2 saturation 95%. The nurse should conclude that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low pH (7.24) and low HCO3 (18 mEq/L) with normal PaCO2 indicate metabolic acidosis, common in renal failure due to impaired acid excretion.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse finds a client in bed, unresponsive and breathing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Palpating the carotid pulse assesses circulation in an unresponsive but breathing client, following the ABC (airway, breathing, circulation) priority. Monitoring, blood pressure, or IV access are secondary.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving furosemide to treat pulmonary edema. Which of the following assessment findings indicates to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight loss of 0.8 kg in 24 hours indicates effective fluid removal by furosemide, reducing pulmonary edema. Adventitious sounds, elevated blood pressure, and a respiratory rate of 24/min do not confirm effectiveness.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client who has total vision loss and is the handler of a service dog. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to show consideration for the client and the service animal?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Consulting the client before approaching the service dog respects the dog's role and the client's preferences, preventing distraction. Petting, offering water, or commanding the dog can interfere with its duties.