ATI RN
ATI Nur 270 Pediatrics GI Questions
Extract:
An infant who has a 2-day history of vomiting and an elevated temperature.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for an infant who has a 2-day history of vomiting and an elevated temperature. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as the most reliable indicator of fluid loss?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Body weight. This is because body weight is the most reliable indicator of fluid loss in infants. Monitoring body weight over time can provide accurate information on changes in fluid status. A decrease in body weight indicates fluid loss, which can help guide fluid replacement therapy. Blood pressure, respiratory rate, and skin integrity can be affected by various factors and may not always accurately reflect fluid loss.
Therefore, body weight is the most direct and reliable indicator in this scenario.
Extract:
A client who is iron deficient.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning a diet for a client who is iron deficient. Which of the following foods high in iron should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Red meat. Red meat is a high source of heme iron, which is more easily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron found in plant-based foods. This is crucial for individuals with iron deficiency as they need easily absorbable iron to replenish their iron stores efficiently. Cashews (
A), oranges (
B), and yogurt (
C) are not as high in iron as red meat and do not contain heme iron.
Therefore, they may not be as effective in addressing the iron deficiency. It is important to choose foods rich in heme iron like red meat to effectively increase iron levels in the body.
Extract:
A 12-year-old child receiving a blood transfusion after a motor vehicle crash, reporting trouble breathing 15 minutes after starting, with a temperature of 101.2°F (38.4°C) up from 98.8°F (37.1°C).
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is administering a blood transfusion to a 12-year-old child after a motor vehicle crash. About 15 minutes after beginning the transfusion, the child reports trouble breathing. The child's temperature is now 101.2°F (38.4°C) up from a baseline of 98.8°F (37.1°C). Which action would the nurse do next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stop the transfusion. The child's symptoms of trouble breathing and increased temperature suggest a possible transfusion reaction, such as transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) or hemolytic reaction. Stopping the transfusion is crucial to prevent further harm to the child. Giving diphenhydramine would not address the underlying issue of a transfusion reaction. Checking the apical pulse or collecting a urine sample are not the immediate priorities in this situation.
Extract:
A child experiencing an acute exacerbation of Crohn disease, prescribed prednisone.
Question 4 of 5
A child is experiencing an acute exacerbation of Crohn disease for which she is prescribed prednisone. The nurse teaches the parents and child about this medication. Which statement by the parents indicates that the teaching was successful?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - We should not stop this medication abruptly.
Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid used to treat inflammatory conditions like Crohn's disease. Stopping it abruptly can lead to adrenal insufficiency due to suppression of the adrenal glands. It is important to taper off the medication gradually under medical supervision to allow the adrenal glands to resume normal function. This statement by the parents shows understanding of the importance of following the prescribed tapering schedule to prevent potential complications.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: She might lose some weight initially - Weight loss is a possible side effect of prednisone, but this statement does not demonstrate understanding of the medication's mechanism or proper administration.
B: This drug helps to control the abdominal cramping - While prednisone can help reduce inflammation associated with Crohn's disease, it is not primarily used to control abdominal cramping.
D: We might notice some of the medication in her stool - Prednisone is absorbed in the small intestine,
Extract:
A child with acute abdominal pain, currant-jelly-like stools and suspected intussusception.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing care to a child with acute abdominal pain, currant-jelly-like stools and suspected intussusception. The nurse will discuss with the caregivers that the child will have which procedure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Enema with air infusion. This procedure is a non-invasive diagnostic test used to confirm intussusception by pushing the telescoped intestine back into place. It helps in relieving the obstruction and can also be therapeutic. Abdominal surgery (
A) would be considered if the condition does not resolve with the enema. Ano-rectal pull-through procedure (
C) is not indicated for intussusception. Colostomy (
D) is a surgical procedure to divert stool and would not address the underlying issue of intussusception.