ATI RN
ATI Nurs 105 Fundamentals Final Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is taking a health history of a client who reports occasionally taking several over-the-counter medications, including an H₂ receptor antagonist (H₂RA). Which of the following outcomes indicates the H₂RA is therapeutic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Relief of heartburn. H₂ receptor antagonists (H₂RAs) are commonly used to treat conditions like heartburn by reducing stomach acid production. Relief of heartburn indicates that the H₂RA is working effectively by decreasing acid levels in the stomach, alleviating the burning sensation in the chest.
Incorrect options:
A: Cessation of diarrhea - H₂RAs do not typically treat diarrhea.
C: Absence of constipation - H₂RAs do not typically affect constipation.
D: Passage of flatus - H₂RAs do not directly impact the passage of flatus.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting a client during ambulation when the client begins to fall. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lower the client to the floor. This is the safest action to prevent injury during a fall. Lowering the client to the floor minimizes the distance they fall, reducing the risk of serious injury. Assuming a narrow base of support (
A) may lead to the nurse losing balance. Leaning the client toward the wall (
B) may not effectively prevent a fall and could cause injury. Providing support by holding the client's arm (
C) may not be enough to prevent a fall or injury. Lowering the client to the floor (
D) is the best option as it prioritizes the client's safety and minimizes the risk of injury.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is pregnant and is vegan. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following foods is a reliable source of Vitamin B12?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sunflower margarine. Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products. Sunflower margarine is often fortified with Vitamin B12 making it a reliable source for vegans. Algae, sea vegetables, and tempeh do not naturally contain Vitamin B12, and the B12 found in them may not be bioavailable. So, while they may be part of a vegan diet, they are not reliable sources of Vitamin B12.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in a long-term care facility who is receiving enteral feedings via an NG tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take prior to administering the tube feeding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A - Test the pH of gastric aspirate
Rationale: Testing the pH of gastric aspirate is essential before administering enteral feedings via NG tube to ensure placement in the stomach. Gastric pH is acidic (around 1-5), confirming correct placement. If the pH is alkaline, it could indicate placement in the respiratory tract, risking aspiration. A lower pH confirms stomach placement, ensuring safe feeding.
Summary of other choices:
B: Placing the client in low Fowler's position is a routine position for NG tube feeding but not a priority before administering the feeding.
C: Warming the feeding solution to body temperature is important for patient comfort but not a crucial step before administration.
D: Discarding any residual gastric contents is important after testing the pH but not a necessary step before administering the feeding.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has emphysema and has difficulty with mobility. The client receives home health care and spends most of his day in a reclining chair. Which of the following physiological responses to prolonged immobility should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B - Increased calcium excretion
Rationale: Prolonged immobility can lead to increased calcium excretion due to bone demineralization. Weight-bearing activities help maintain bone density. With decreased mobility, there is less stress on bones, leading to calcium loss. This can increase the risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
Summary:
A: Decreased RBC production - Prolonged immobility can lead to decreased RBC production due to reduced bone marrow stimulation, but this is not the primary physiological response in this scenario.
C: Increased insulin production - Immobility does not directly cause an increase in insulin production. Insulin is primarily related to glucose metabolism.
D: Decreased sodium excretion - Prolonged immobility may lead to fluid retention and decreased sodium excretion, not increased.